114 
MAMMALIA. 
[Chaf. in. 
instances are not wanting in Ceylon, in which, when 
pursued by the hunters, the herd has abandoned the 
young ones in their flight, notwithstanding the cries of 
the latter for help. 
In an interesting paper on the habits of the Indian 
elephant, published in the Philosophical Transac- 
tions for 1793, Mr. Cokse says: "If a wild elephant 
happens to be separated from its young for only two 
days, though giving suck, she never after recognises or 
acknowledges it," although the young one evidently 
knows its dam, and by its plaintive cries and submissive 
approaches solicits her assistance. 
If by any accident an elephant becomes hopelessly 
separated from his own herd, he is not permitted to 
attach himself to any other. He may browse in the 
vicinity, or frequent the same place to drink and to 
bathe ; but the intercourse is only on a distant and con- 
ventional footing, and no familiarity or intimate asso- 
ciation is under any circumstances permitted. To such 
a height is this exclusiveness carried, that even amidst 
the terror and stupefaction of an elephant corral, when 
an individual, detached from his own party in the melee 
and confusion, has been driven into the enclosure with 
an unbroken herd, I have seen him repulsed in every 
attempt to take refuge among them, and driven off by 
heavy blows with their trunks as often as he attempted 
to insinuate himself within the circle which they had 
formed for common security. There can be no rea- 
sonable doubt that this jealous and exclusive policy not 
only contributes to produce, but mainly serves to 
perpetuate, the class of solitary elephants which are 
known by the term goondahs, in India, and which from 
