438 
INSECTS. 
[Chap. XII. 
the young shoots ; but she is also to be met with on the 
margins of the undersides of the leaves (on the upper 
surface neither the male nor female ever attach them- 
selves) ; but, unlike the male, which derives no nourish- 
ment from the juices of the tree (the mouth being 
obsolete in the perfect state), she punctures the cuticle 
with a proboscis (a very short three-jointed promuscis), 
springing as it were from the breast, but capable of 
being greatly porrected, and inserted in the cuticle of 
the plant, and through this she abstracts her nutriment. 
In the early pupa state the female is easily distinguish- 
able from the male, by being more elliptical and much 
more convex. As she increases in size her skin distends 
and she becomes smooth and dry; the rings of the 
body become effaced ; and losing entirely the form of 
an inseet, she presents, for some time, a yellowish 
pustular shape, but ultimately assumes a roundish 
conical form, of a dark brown colour. 1 
Until she has nearly reached her full size, she still 
possesses the power of locomotion, and her six legs are 
easily distinguishable in the under surface of her cor- 
pulent body ; but at no period of her existence has she 
wings. It is about the time of her obtaining full size 
that impregnation takes place 2 ; after which the scale 
becomes somewhat more conical, assumes a darker 
1 Figs. 6 and 7. There are many 
other species of the Coccus tribe 
in Ceylon, some (Pseudococcus ?) 
never appearing as a scale, the 
female wrapping herself up in a 
white cottony exudation; many 
species nearly allied to the true 
Coccus infest common plants about 
gardens, such as the Nerium 
Oleander, Plumeria Acuminata, 
and others with milky juices: 
another subgenus (Ceroplastes ?), 
the female of which produces a 
protecting waxy material, infests 
the Grendurassa Vulgaris, the Furr- 
csea Grigantea, the Jak tree, Mango, 
and other common trees. 
# 2 Reaumur has described the 
singular manner in which this 
occurs. Mem. torn. iv. 
