INDEX. 
493 
Elephants, capricious disposition of, 215. 
first labour intrusted to them, 217. 
■ his comprehension of his duties, 218. 
exaggeration of his strength in uproot- 
ing trees, 218 n. 
— Mahouts and their duties, 221. 
— their cry of urrel 222 n. 
elephant's sense of musical notes, 223. 
— its endurance of pain, 224. 
diseases in captivity, 225. 
subject to tooth -ache, 227: 
— — questionable economy of keeping 
trained elephants for labour, 229. 
— — their cost, 230. 
their food, 230 n. 
fallacy of their alleged reluctance to 
breed in captivity, 231. 
— - duration of life in the elephant, 232. 
theory of M. Fleurens, 232. 
instances of very old elephants in 
Ceylon, 233. 
dead elephant never found, 234. 
Sinbad's story, 236. 
passage from iElian regarding the, 237. 
Elk, 59. See Deer ; Mammalia. 
Emydosauri, 321. 
Emys trijuga, 290. 
Englishman, anonymous, his story of a 
fight between elephants and horses, 84. 
Falconer, Dr., height of Indian elephant, 
99 n. 
Falkland Islands, peculiarity in the cattle 
there, 372 n. 
Fauna of Ceylon, not common to India, 
Introd. 62. 
peculiar and independent, Introd. 62. 
' have received insufficient attention, 3. 
first study due to Dr. Davy, 3. 
— subsequent, due to Templeton, Layard, 
and Kelaart, 3, 4. 
Fishes of Ceylon, little known, 323. 
. seir fish, and others for table, 324. 
abundance of perch, soles, and sar- 
dines, 324. 
explanation of Odoric's statement, 324 n. 
— sardines, said to be poisonous, 324. 
shark, and sawfish, 325. 
sawfish, 325. 
ray, 326. 
— sword fish, 328. 
cheironectes of iElian, 331. 
fishes of rare forms, and of beautiful 
colours, 332. 
— fresh- water fishes, their peculiarities, 
335. 
fresh-water, little known, ib. ; reason, 
335 n. 
— eels, 337. 
reappearance of fishes after the dry 
season, 340. 
Fishes, similar mysterious re-appearances 
elsewhere, 342 n. 
method of taking them by hand, 340. 
a fish decoy, 342. 
fish falling from clouds, 342 n., 362. 
buried alive in mud, 347. 
Mr. Yarrell's theory controverted, 344. 
travelling overland, 345. 
the fact was known to the Greeks 
and Romans, 345. 
instances in Guiana and Siam, 347. 
- — faculty of all migratory fish for disco- 
vering water, 347 n, 
on dry land in Ceylon, 348. 
fish ascending trees, 349. 
— excerpt from letter by Mr. Morris, 348 n. 
Anabas scandens, 349, 350. 
Daldorf's statement, anticipated by 
Abou-zeyd, 350 n. 
accidents when fishing, 351 n. 
burying fishes and travelling fish, 351. 
occurrence of similar fish in Abys- 
sinia and elsewhere, 352. 
statement of the patriarch Mendes, 
553 w. 
knowledge of habits of Melania em- 
ployed judicially by E. L. Layard, 
355 n. 
— — illustrations of activating fish and 
animals, 356. 
activating shell-fish and water-beetle > 
351. • 
fish in hot water, 358. 
list of Ceylon fishes, 359. 
■ Professor Huxley's memorandum on 
the fishes of Ceylon, 364. 
Dr. Gray's memorandum, 366. 
Note on the Bora-ctiung, 367. 
Fishing, native mode of, 340. 
Fish insect, 475. 
Flamingoes, 261. See Birds. 
Fleas, 433. See Insects. 
Fleurens, on the duration of life in the ele- 
phant, 232. 
Flies, their instinct in discovering carrion, 
196 n. 
mosquitoes, the plague of, 434. 
Flowers, fondness of monkeys for, 7. 
Flying Fox. Pteropus Edwardsii, 14. See 
Mammalia. 
. its sizes, 14. 
skeleton of, 15. 
food, 16. 
habits, 16. 
numbers, 16. 
strange attitudes, 17. 
■ food and habits, 18. 
drinking toddy, 18. 
Flying squirrels, 41. 
Fresh-water fishes, 335. 
Fretz, Lieut., his singular wound, 154- 
