THE YOUNG NATURALIST. 



99 



Qentiana verna), the azure pride of Tees- 

 ale. Unnatural sleep may be induced 

 y the exclusion of light in some plants, 

 'hilst others vvill strive to expand their 

 owers at the regular time whilst immured 

 1 total darkness. Of late years botanists 

 ave, with great plausibility, referred the 

 veiling and closing of flowers not to sleep 

 ? wakefulness but as favouring the visits 

 ; insects, bees, moths, butterflies, &c, 

 le visits of which are necessary for the 

 rtilisation of the flowers. But this 

 ^anch of the subject is sufficiently inter- 

 ring to require another paper for its 

 Her treatment. 



TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



; JA.S., Liverpool. — Thanks for your letter. We 

 3 quite aware of the faults you name, but they 

 : not very easy to remedy. In the special 

 ttter you refer to, we hope to meet the difficulty 

 :isfactorily. Send us your address and we will 

 . ite you. 



OBSERVATIONS. 



Cheimatobia brumata, &c. — Whilst walking 

 ough Shipley Glen, (near Bradford), with a 

 ■d, on the 25th December la3t, we observed 

 brumata to be extremely abundant. They were 

 ting on the trunks of almost «very tree, most of 

 in in excellent condition, and some, to all ap- 

 irances, newly emerged. Although the morning 

 s very cold, with several degrees of frost, the 

 ects were very active, when disturbed they would 

 from tree to tree. Last year this species was 

 ;erved here as late as the latter part of P ebruary- 

 i also noticed both sexes of H. aurantiara, 

 1 H. defoliaria were not uncommon ; we found 

 eral females resting in the crevices of the bark 

 trees, more indeed than ever we found at an 

 lier part of the season when the species has 

 vly emerged. Of C. boreata only one specimen 

 ile) was observed, and that in a very dilapidated 

 idition. — J. W.Carter, Manningham,Bradford. 



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Galvanism has long been used in Austria for 

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 the tree or plant. Any insect coming in contact 

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