THE YOUNG NATURALIST. 



327 



Imago. — Plate 6, Fig. 2, upper and 

 underside. White, with the tip dark grey 

 in the male, paler in the female. The under- 

 side of hind wings clouded with greenish 

 grey. 



Larva. — Green, with very small black 

 spots towards the head. Dorsal line darker, 

 edged with yellowish. Spinacular line yellow, 

 darker green above. 



Pupa. -Green, with pink markings, more 

 pointed at the head than tail. The wing 

 cases project a little. 



Food Pla.nts. — Tuberous Rooted Vetch 

 ( Orobus tuberosus ), Tufted Vetch (Vicia cracca J, 

 Lotus, Lathyrus, and other Trifolise. 



Times of Appearauce. — This species 



appears in its various stages at much the 

 same periods as the double-brooded Pie vis. 

 The imago emerges in April or May, and the 

 larva? are out in June. The second brood 

 appears on the wing in August, and continues 

 on the wing for some weeks. Dates for the 

 larvae are recorded from August to Novem- 

 ber. Like its congeners, it passes the winter 

 in pupa. 



Habitat. — Paths in woods, and in shady 

 lanes. Sometimes confined to a single road- 

 way in the centre of a plantation. It flies 

 very leisurely, and it is said that it is rarely 

 seen to settle. It has a wide range on the 

 Continent, being wanting only in the Polar 

 regions. It also occurs in North-western 

 Asia. 



Variation. — This is a species that varies 

 much when we consider how slightly it is 

 marked. The grey patch at the tip becomes 

 fainter in color until it has quite disappeared, 

 or it forms a small spot near the tip, but with 

 white all round it. The markings on the 

 underside differ much also. The autumn 

 brood is generally smaller and paler than the 

 spring brood in this country. Four varieties 

 have been named, which we will endeavour 

 to describe, but they will be best understood 

 by a reference to the plate. In the type the 

 hind wings are clouded on the underside with 

 greyish-green, the markings being a streak 



running from the base to the anal angle, with 

 streaks curving from each side to this central 

 one, but not meeting upon it. Plate 6, Fig. 2. 

 These markings are much suffused, and 

 clouded. In the South European form 

 Lathyri Hb., Plate 6, Fig. 3, the whole of the 

 hind wing is greyish-green, except a triangular 

 patch near the tip, and a small white mark 

 near the base. In Diniensis, B., Plate 6, 

 Fig. 4, these greyish-green markings on the 

 hind wing are almost entirely wanting, while 

 the spot at the tip of the fore wing already 

 named is smaller, and sometimes surrounded 

 with white. Our figure of this variety is 

 from a Spanish specimen in the Doubleday 

 collection, in the British examples of this 

 variety the spot is not so pronounced. In Evy - 

 simi, Bkh., PI. 6, Fig. 5, a variety of the female, 

 the markings of the hind wing are less distinct 

 than in the type, the streaks from the base to 

 the anal angle being scarcely visible, and the 

 curved lines generally very faint, while the 

 mark at tip of fore wing is wanting. Of these 

 forms Diniensis has sometimes been taken in 

 England, and Mr. Lockyer informs us that 

 he took the variety Erysimi in the New Forest 

 in 1875 ; wc took it there in 1874. We do 

 not doubt that these varieties might all be 

 found in Britain if collectors knew them 

 when they saw them. We hope our plates 

 will help in the matter. The variety Amur- 

 ensis, Men., is larger than the type, and 

 occurs in South-eastern Siberia, and about 

 the Amoor. 



Allied Species.— The only other species 

 of the genus is very closely allied to Sinapis. 

 It is called Lathyri, Dup., but is not the same 

 as the variety of the Sinapis called Lathyri, 

 Hb. The mark at the tip is triangular, and 

 the base of the wings yellowish. It only 

 occurs in the South of Frauce and in Asia 

 Minor. The larva is not known, and we 

 expect when discovered it will not differ 

 from that of L. sinapis. 



Parasites. — None have yet been reported 

 that we know of. The larva is but rarely 

 met with. 



