342 THE YOUNG 



English name "Silver washed" is veryjap- 

 proprsate for this species, and refers to the 

 appearance of the underside of the hind 



wing. 



Larva. — Black, with two yellow stripes 

 down the back, the sides have several rust 

 colored lines. When young it is quite black. 

 The spines are branched, and two long ones 

 project beyond the head. It is very rarely 

 met with, and we have no personal acquaint- 

 ance with it. The foregoing is compiled from 

 various figures and descriptions, 



Pupa. — Pale brown, with gold spots on 

 the back, and on the tips of the prominences 



Pood Plants. — Dog violet ( viola canina J, 

 and perhaps other violets. 



Times of Appearance.— The butterfly 



emerges at the end of June, or early in July. 

 The eggs are laid, probably singly, in July or 

 August, and hatch in about a month. A 

 larva in Mr. Buckler's possession in 1861, fed 

 until November, when it disappeared until 

 the April of the following year. It changed 

 to a chrysalis on the 20th of May, and the 

 butterfly was disclosed on the 30th of June. 

 Mr. Bnckler bred the species again in 1876-7, 

 and the dates of the various changes cor- 

 responded closely with those above. See 

 Entomologists' Monthly Magazine. 



Habitat. — Paphia is a wood insect, and 

 may be found in open places, or the outskirts 

 of almost every extensive wood in England. 

 It seems to be equally abundant in Ireland, 

 and perhaps its rarity in Scotland is more 

 apparent than real. It occurs all over 

 Europe, except in the extreme north, in 

 Western jAsia, including Siberia, and the 

 valley of the A moor. 



Variation. — A well-known variety of the 

 female of this species is not uncommon in the 

 New Forest, and some other places. It has 

 the usual fulvous ground colour replaced by 

 a dark smoky greenish-brown. It is spotted 

 in the usual way, but near the tip there are a 

 few light patches. This is known as Valezina, 

 Esp., PI. 7, Fig, ia. A worn male is in the 

 cabinet of Mr. Fredk. Bond, F.Z.S., which is 



NATURALIST. 



said to be the only \ x known male of i;his 

 variety. Specimens are notj-very rare in 

 which the black spots are confluent. There 

 appears to be more variety among fema'es 

 than in the opposite sex. Besides Valezina, 

 Esp., other two forms arc named, viz., 

 Anagyva given in Dr. Staudinger's catalogue 

 as occurring in Southern Europe and West'; rn 

 Asia, and being without the silver bands on 

 the underside of the hind wing ; and Im- 

 maculata, Bell, which we find without a 

 description in Kirby's catalogue, and said to 

 occur in Corsica. One may only be a 

 synonym for the other. 



Parasites. — None known to us. The 

 larva has been very rarely met with. 



— -m — 1 ~ 



ENTOMOLOCICAL NOTES 

 FOR BEGINNERS. 



By C. S. Gregson. 



AUGUST. 

 During a great part of this month close 

 attention ought to be paid to "mothing," 

 that is to capturing moths on the wing, along 

 hedge sides, over flower beds, in gardens, in 

 woods, but particularly in lanes, and outside 

 woods, &c, the generality of moths so caught 

 are Geometridae and Tortricidae. The July 

 species are nearly over, but still some remain 

 good, and the August species are appearing, 

 and will continue to appear and disappear all 

 through the month, hence not one favourable 

 opportunity must be lost, or the season will 

 slip away, and cannot be recovered. Other 

 families of moths will be met with, and 

 secured by the same process, especially 

 Crambidae, and a few noctuas, hut to secure 

 the latter plentifully flowers of all kinds, and 

 growing in all places, should be visited every 

 night after the 12th of the month, if not 

 before. Close attention should be paid to the 

 ragwort (Seniscio jacobcea), it is one of .he most 

 attractive flowers on the coast, from it may 

 be taken any night after dark some or all the 

 following species: Agvotis pvcecox, A. cursoria, 



