BRYOZOA FROM XEW ZEALAND. 



47 



Port Phillip Heads (MacG.), New Zealand (Miss Jelly). Fossil : 

 Shakespeare Cliff (Wanganui). Waipukurau Gorge. 



8. Mkmbranipora anxtjlus, Manz. (PI. VI. figs. 2, 5, & 9.) 



Membranipora annulus, Manzoni, Bry. foss. Ital. 4a cont. p. 7, 

 pi. i. fig. 6(?); and Bri. di Castrocaro, p. 12, pi. i. fig. 9. 



Membranipora dentata, Waters. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. 

 xxxviii. p. 263, pi. viii. fig. 14. 



Membranipora galeata, Bnsk, Brit. Mug, Cat. p. 62, pi. lxv. 

 fig. 5 ; Zool. of Kerguelen Island,'* Phil. Trans, clxviii. p. 195. 



There are a number of closely allied forms which, through varia- 

 tions in the shape of the opesial opening, often differ considerably in 

 appearance, but agree in having a central aviciilarium, supported by 

 two strong spines on each side, sometimes cervicorn, aud an ovicell 

 widely open with a raised line arching across the front, a short 

 distance above the opening, enclosing a narrow depressed area. 

 These allies are M. patula. TTi ricks, M. cervicornis, B., Flustrellaria 

 dentata, d"Orb. 



The present form, which I at first thought should be called M. 

 dentata, d'Orb., has usually an oval opening : M. patida has the 

 lower edge straight ; M. cerv&sornis, B., which is no doubt the same 

 as M. perversa, Waters, fossil from Alt. Gambier, has the opesia 

 usually nearly straight above and rounded below : but in a large 

 colony of any of these species opesia will be found with very different 

 shapes. 



In the Xew-Zealand fossils the large avicularium on the ovicell 

 is directed downwards to the distal wall. 



One specimen from Xapier and one from Waipukurau are bila- 

 . minate, but the others are adnate. We have also seen M. cervi- 

 cornis (perversa, W.) in the Vincidaria-f orm. Some specimens 

 have an avicularium below the opesia. 



An examination of the British-Museum specimens of Membrani- 

 pora galeata, B., made since my plates were prepared, shows that 

 this is identical with the fossil. The depressed area on the ovicell, 

 which Mr. Busk seems to have overlooked, is very marked ; 

 occasionally there are two avicularia, and the cells without ovicells, 

 with the avicularian chamber projecting forwards, exactly resemble 

 my fig. 5. 



As Mr. Busk's description was quite insufficient, it will be best to 

 retain Manzoni's name. 



Log. Living : Swains Bay, E. Falkland, in 4-10 fath. (Darwin, 

 ndeJ5ws&). Fossil : Pliocene of Castell-Arquato, Pari ascio, Orciano, 

 Castrocaro (M.) : Mt. Gambier (Australia) ; IS" apier, Waipukurau 

 and Petane (iNew Zealand). 



9. Membraxipora cervicoexis, Busk (non Haswell). 



Membranipora cervicornis, Busk, Cat. Mar. Polyzoa, p. 60, pi. c. 

 fig. 3 ; MacGillivray, Zool. of Victoria, decade iii. p. 32. pi. xxv. 

 fig. 8 ; Hincks, Ann. & Mag. ISat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vii. p. 153. 



