ME. "R. LYDEKKER ON A MOLAR OF A PLIOCENE EQEUS. 



161 



12. On a Molae of a Pliocene Type of Equus from Nubia. By 

 E. Ltdeekee, Esq., B.A., F.G.S., &c. (Read December 15, 

 1886.) 



A small collection of mammalian remains, obtained during the 

 late Soudan expedition by Brigade-Surgeon Archer at Wadi Haifa 

 and other places in Nubia, has been submitted to my notice by Dr. 

 Woodward. Many of the specimens are evidently of comparatively 

 recent origin ; but those from Wadi Haifa are in much the same 

 mineral condition as the bones from the Upper Pliocene of the 

 Val d'Arno in Tuscany, or the Lower Pleistocene of the Narbada 

 valley in India. Among these remains are several specimens 

 belonging to a large species of Bos or allied genus, which do not 

 admit of any attempt at specific determination ; but they also com- 

 prise an upper molar of an Equus, which is of very considerable 

 interest. 



It may be well to recall that so long ago as 1865 the late Dr. 

 Falconer described, in the Society's Journal*, part of the left 

 maxilla of a Hippopotamus obtained from fluviatile beds afc Kalabshi 

 (Kalabshee or Kalabsheh), a village situated on the Nile a short 

 distance above the first cataract at Assouan, and about 150 miles 

 north of Wadi Haifa, which is at the second, or great cataract. 

 Dr. Falconer referred his specimen, which he observed was in the 

 same state of mineralization as the Yal d'Arno fossils, to the existing 

 H. ampliibius, although remarking that it agreed in size with the 

 teeth of the Pliocene Yal d'Arno form, which at that time was 

 regarded as specifically distinct. 



The specimen forming the subject of the present communication 

 (figured from the crown -surface in the accompanying woodcut) 



e 



Equus, sp. A right upper cheek-tooth (? m.l), from the Upper Tertiary of the 

 Nile valley at Wadi Haifa. |. e anterior, and /posterior inner pillar. 



consists of a right upper cheek-tooth, which, from its comparatively 

 small size, is probably the first or second of the true molar series, 



* Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. -srii. p. 373. See also the writer's ' Catalogue 

 of the Fossil Mammalia in the British Museum,' part ii. p. 279, No. 40855 

 (1885). 



