HE [IDE'S CHINESE MAMMALS. 



17 



The Sika is known to occur in a few isolated regions in North- 

 west Shansi, in the Imperial Hunting-grounds north-east of 

 Peking in Chihli, in the more remote parts of the Manchurian 

 forests, in North Corea, in one or two isolated areas along the 

 Lower Yang-tze, and probably also in Tonkin and parts of South 

 China. 



Heude's collection contains specimens from the Sungari Valley 

 and Mukden in Manchuria, Vladivostok in the Maritime Province 

 or Primorsk, Kiente, Tonglieou and Ning-kuo-fu on the Yang-tze, 

 Phu-lang-thuang in Tonkin and Tsing-lo-hsien in Shansi. 



Following is a list of Heude's species, whose skulls were 

 examined, giving Heude's names together with the localities as 

 found on the labels :— 



imperialis. Songari Valley, Manchuria, 



microspilus. Mukden, Manchuria. 



dybowskii. Vladivostok, Primorsk. 



manehuricus, Mukden, Manchuria. 

 cycloserus. 

 brachyrhinus. 

 lachrymosus. 



7 . t Kiente, Yang-tze V alley, Anhui ; also long- 



pouvrelianus. r ,. , r . , . 



lieou, Yang-tze, Anhui. 



joreUanus. 

 frinianus. 



grilloanus. J 



rivierianus. Tong-lieou, Yang-tze, Anhui. 

 (name illegible). Kiente, Yang-tze, Anhui. 



andreanus. Ning-kuo-fu, Anhui. 



dagennianus. Phu-lang-thuang, Tonkin. 



grassianus. (Pair of horns only) Tching-lo-hsien, Shansi. 



An examination of the skulls assigned by Heude to the first four 

 species in the list, i. e. those from the forested areas of Manchuria 

 and adjacent Primorsk, convinced me that these forested areas 

 are inhabited at the very most by but two species, namely, Cervus 

 mantchuricus Swin.* and Cervus dybowskii Tacz. f 



The skull of the adult male labelled imperialis from the Sungari 

 Valley was practically identical with the skull of an adult male 

 labelled dybowskii from Vladivostok, the only noticeable difference 

 being that the former (imperialis) was shorter and broader than 

 the latter (dybowskii). Two adult female skulls of imperialis and 

 dybowskii showed just the reverse, the imperialis one being longer 

 and proportionately narrower than the dyboivskii one. However, 

 this lengthening out of the skull seems to be a characteristic of 

 age, for in both cases it was the older skull that was the longer. 

 From this it would appear that the Sika from the Sungari Valley 

 is identical with that from the Primorsk, but the latter has been 

 described as having a pure white muzzle, which is not the case 

 with the former, so that the two are probably distinct. 



The skull of a young male labelled microspilus from Mukden 



* P. Z. S. 1864, pp. 168, 169. 

 f P.Z.S. 1876, p. 123. 



Proc. Zool. Son.— 1917, No. II. 2 



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