xxviii 



NATURAL ARRANGEMENT. 



Europe, but they are so abundant in all parts of the world that an order can scarcely be found more universally 

 and equally dispersed. It is singular, that, with the exception of the climbing species of Clematis and of 

 Xanthorhiza, scarcely an instance occurs in Ranunculaceae of a shrubby stem. All the perennial species may 

 be propagated by division, and those which are v/oody by that mode or by layers or cuttings : the annuals 

 and most of the perennials bear seeds freely. 



2. Tribe 1. Clematide*:. 

 lig. 31. herb. 7. £llft. ; £9ift. 



1631 Clematis L. *26 7 

 1630 ^tragenei. 5 0 



1632 Naravilia Dec. 



3. Tribe 2. Anemones. 

 lig. 0. herb. 124. £22±feet. 



1633 ThalictrumZ. 0 *59 

 1629 Jnemone L. 0 *45 

 1628 Hepatica Dil. 0 *10 

 1645 Hydrastis L. 



1635 Knowltom'a Sal. 



1634 Adonis L. 0 *10 



4. Tribe 3. RanuncuYejE. 

 lig. 0. herb. 131. £ 18 ft. ; =¥= 3ft. 



930 Myosurus L. 0 *1 



931 Ceratocephalus Moen. 0 2 



1637 Ranunculus Bauh. 0 *126 

 1636 Ficaria Dil. 0 *2 



5. Tribe 4. Hem.ebo % re.e. 



0. herb. 254. £ 43 ft. ; &4|ft. 

 1643 Caltha i. 0 *8 



1638 Trollius L. 0 *10 

 1640 Eranthis Sal. 0 2 

 J 641 //ell^borusi. 0 *8 

 1642 Coptis Sal. 0 1 



1639 /sopyrum L. 

 1392 Garid^llrt Tou. 

 1606 Nigella Tou. 

 1605 Aquilegia £. 



1599 .Delphinium Tom. 



1600 Jconltum Tou. 



14 

 21 

 ♦61 



128 



6. Tribe 5. PiEONiA^CE^s. 



Z/g. 12. herb. 46. 5 10| ft. ; £ 20 ft 



1604 Cimicifuga L. 

 1546 Macrbtys Rafi. 



1545 ^ctaj^a 

 932 Xanthorhiza Herit. 

 1596 Paebnia L. 



0 4 



0 1 



0 *3 



1 0 

 *11 38 



7. Order II. DILLENIA^CEJE. 



Genera 12, Species 29; Hot-house Species 11 ; Green-house Species 18 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 0; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 0. $ 0 feet ; £ 0 feet ; ^ 0 feet. 

 Fine plants, almost exclusively confined to tropical countries. Dillenia specibsa, a native of Tndia, is a most 

 noble tree with large yellow flowers, rivalling those of a MagnbbVz. Hibb<ht/a volubilis is a green-house plant 

 well known for the beauty of its blossoms, and their powerfully fetid smell. The medical properties of this 

 order are scarcely known; a decoction of the leaves or bark is astringent, and used for gargles ; and the acid 

 juice of the fruit of some of the species of Dillenia is used in India, mixed with water, as a pleasant beverage 

 in fevers. The foliage of many of the species is extremely scabrous, whence the dried leaves are used for the 

 same purposes as fish-skin and sand-paper in Europe ; those of Trachytella aspera are even employed in China 

 for polishing works of metal. Most of the species strike readily by cuttings of the ripened wood in sand under 

 a bell-glass. 



8. Tribe 1. Delima^ceje. 



1609 Tetracera L. 

 1584 Doliocarpus Rol. 

 1583 Delima L. 

 1594 CuratellaZ. 

 1603 Trachytella Dec. 



9. Tribe 2. Dille^ne^e. 



1376 Pachynema R. Br. 

 1595 Pleurandra Lab. 

 2185 Candollea Lab. 

 1597 HibberU'a Andr. 



1610 W.'.rrma Rtb. 

 1608 Colb6rt?a Sal. 

 1614 Dillenia L. 



10. Order III. MAGNOLIA^CEiE. 



Genera 5, Species 37 ; Hot-house Species 3 : Green-house Species 1 1 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 23 ; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 0. ± 62 feet ; £ 0 feet ; 0 feet. 



No one is ignorant of the grandeur of Magnolias, or of the delicious, though sometimes dangerous, fragrance 

 of their blossoms ; but it is less generally known, that, from their affinity to the trees that produce the famous 

 Winter's bark and Melambo bark, they possess medicinal qualities of no common power. The bark of all of 

 them is said to have a bitter flavor without any astringency, and combined with a hot aromatic principle. In 

 the United States, the bark of Magnoka glauca and Liriodtndron tulipifera is employed for the same purposes 

 as Jesuit's bark, and from the fruit of MagnbhVi acuminata a tincture is prepared which has some reputation 

 for removing attacks of rheumatism. The fruit of Illicium anisatum is the material which flavours the liqueur 

 called Anisette de Bourdeaux. The Magnolias are exclusively inhabitants of Asia and America, no species 

 having hitherto been found either in Europe or in Africa. The shoots of most of the species do not emit 

 roots freely, and therefore they are generally propagated by layers, grafting, inarching, and sometimes by 

 seeds ; two or three of the species by cuttings. 



11. Tribe 1. Ilmcie\e. 



1615 Illicium L. 

 1602 Drlmys Forst. 



12. Tribe 2. Macnoue\e. 

 lig. 23. herb. 0. ± 62 feet. 

 1619 Michelia L. 



1618 Magnuh'o L. 

 1617 Liriodtndron 



13. Order IV. ANONA^CE^. 



Genera 9, Species 45 ; Hot-house Species 40 ; Green-house Species 1 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 4 j 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 0. £ 11 J ft. ; ^ 0 feet ; & 0 feet. 



The plants of this order are closely allied to Magnoliacea?, from which they are principally distinguished by 

 the absence of stipula?, and by the structure of their anthers and seeds. The latter consist of a hard mass of 

 albumen, ruminated, as the botanists call it, that is to say, perforated by the substance of the seed-coat, in 

 every direction. They are all trees or shrubs, and chiefly inhabitants of the hottest parts of the tropics, but a 

 few have been discovered straggling into the temperature zones of America. The fruit of the Anbna is in 

 many species highly esteemed as an article for the dessert, especially that of the Cherimoyer, which has the 

 reputation of being the finest fruit in the world, next to the mangosteen. The hard fruits of the species of 

 Uvaria are highly aromatic ; those of one of them furnish the Piper asthiopicum of the shops. The genus 

 Asimina is the only one which contains any hardy species, and these are so delicate as to be seen very rarely 

 in this country. In Brazil, the bark of Xylbpia sericea is used for cordage ; for which it is admirably adapted. 

 Cuttings or layers. 



1622 Anbna Adan. | 1626 Asimina Adan. 4 0 | 1624 Artabotrys R. Br. 



1623 Monodr>ra Dunal 1620 Uv'iria L. 1627 Xylbpia L. 



1538 Eupomatia R. Br. \ 1621 Unbna L. \ 1625 Guatteria R. & P. 



14. Order V. MENISPERMA^CE^E. 



Genera 8, Species 29 ; Hot-house Species 20 ; Green-house Species 5 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 4 ; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 0. J 4 feet ; j£ 0 feet ; * 0 feet. 



The order of Menispermacea? consists entirely of twining shrubs with minute flowers. They are extremely 

 dissimilar in habit from the orders which are placed near them, and occupy their present station entirely oa 

 account of certain minute but important characters in their fructification. With the exception of Schizandra 

 coccinea none of them are worth cultivating as plants of ornament. The berries of Lardizab&la biternata are 

 sold in the markets of Chile, under the name of Ag- ilboquil, Guilbogui, or Coguill- Vochi, according to different 

 travellers. The bitter, diuretic, and aperient roots of Pareira brava are the produce of the Cissampelo9 



