NATURAL ARRANGEMENT. 



507 



139. Order LIII. OXALI'DRffi. 



Genera 3, Species 112 ; Hot-house Species 8 ; Green-house Species 93 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 0 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 11. £ 0 feet ; £ 6 feet ; =fe 0 feet. 

 Formerly confounded with the last order. It is the opinion of modern botanists, that the species are more 

 nearly allied to Rutacea? or Zygophyllea?, and that their character and peculiar habit are quite sufficient to 

 distinguish them. The beauty of the genus O'xalis is very great, and the readiness with which the species 

 may be cultivated and caused to flower, would have been expected to make them universal favorites ; they are 

 not, however, much seen in cultivation. Their properties are well known : all of them have a slightly acid 

 taste, whence some have occasionally been employed as salad ; their acidity is very agreeable and depends 

 upon the presence of a small quantity of oxalate of potassa. In some of the species of equinoctial America 

 oxalic acid exists in great abundance. Several species are employed in Brazil as a remedy for certain fevers 

 of that country. Most commonly by division, offsets, or seeds, but also by cuttings. 



1404 AverrhOa L, | 1413 Biophytum Dec. 0 1 | 1414 O'xalis L. 0 *10 



140. Order LIV. ZYGOPHY'LLE^. 



Genera 7, Species 32 ; Hot-house Species 8 ; Green-house Species 22 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 0 ; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 2. { 0 feet ; £3|feet ; 0 feet. 

 The hardness of the wood of the shrubby species of this order is most remarkable, if the softness of the 

 stems of the herbaceous ones is remembered. To this the extreme difficulty of propagating Guaiacum is to 

 be attributed. Zygophyllum Fabago is employed as an anthelmintic, but it is in the Guaiacum that the great 

 medical virtues of the order are found : all the genus is extremely exciting ; the wood and bark of Guai- 

 acum officinale and sanctum have a rather bitter acrid flavor, and are principally used as sudorifics, 

 diaphoretics, or alteratives ; they have been found to contain a particular substance differing both from gum 

 and resin, which has been called guayacine. Many of the species bear beautiful flowers, especially the 

 Tribuluses, which, with their brilliant yellow Cistus-like blossoms, enliven many an arid waste in the tropics. 

 None are found in the colder latitudes of the world. Cuttings, division, or seeds. 



1306 Tribulus Tou. 

 1305 Fagbnia Tou. 



1307 Larrea Cav. 



0 



1 | 1304 Zygophyllum L. 

 1303 Guaiacum L. 



0 



1155 PorlienVx R. & P. 

 1704 Melianthus L. 



141. Order LV. RUTA^CE^E. 



Genera 37, Species 162 ; Hot-house species 18 ; Green-house Species 137 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 4; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 4. £ 22* feet; j£ 5 feet; ^Ofeet. 



An interesting and extensive, but rather heterogeneous, group of plants, natives of all countries and all situ- 

 ations. The species are either fetid northern herbaceous plants, as the garden rue, or neat heath-like southern 

 shrubs, with an aromatic odor, as the Cape Diosmas ; broad or long-leaved Australian shrubs, with a stellate 

 pubescence, as Phebalium, or tropical trees with panicles of pallid minute flowers, as the Cusparias and Zan- 

 thoxylums. The medical properties of many genera are considerable. Mta and P^ganum are emmenagogue, 

 anthelmintic, and sudorific. Cape Diosmas abound in a volatile oil of an agreeable smell, but acrid flavour ; 

 several of its species are reputed antispasmodics. The Zanthoxylums are said to possess acrid, stimulating, 

 or tonic qualities ; Clava Herculis and /raxineum are said, in America, to be powerful sudorifics and dia- 

 phoretics. According to Barton, they possess a remarkable power of exciting copious salivation, not only 

 when applied to the mouth, but even when taken internally ; they have both been found powerful remedies 

 in paralysis of the muscles of the mouth. Zanth6xylum cariba^um is regarded in Guiana as a detersive 

 vulnerary and febrifuge. Brucea is used as an astringent in dysenteries. The famous febrifugal Angostura 

 bark is the produce of Cusparia febrifuga. Cuttings, division, or by inarching. 



142. Tribe I. Rt/tejE. 

 lig. 1. herb. 4. ± 3 ft. ; £ 4 ft. 

 1309 Ptita Tou. 1 i 



3342 Aplophyllum J 0 

 1444 Peganum L. 0 

 1189 Cyminosma Gae. 



143. Tribe 2. Diosmeje. 

 § 1. DlOSME-E europ^:a\\J3. 

 1308 Z)ictamnusL. 



\ 2. DIOSME.2E CAPE'NSES. 



685 Calod£ndron Thun. 



675 Adenandra TV. en. 

 3302 Acmadenia B. % TV. 



676 Baryosma TV. en. 



677 Agath6sma TV. en, 

 674 Dichosma Bee. 

 673 Di6sma Wul. 



3303 Coleonema B.§ TV. 



3304 Macrostylis B. # W. 

 2619 Empleurum H. K. 



\ 3. DlOSMEJi australa'sicjE. 

 1154 Corr^a Sm. 



1312 Phebalium Fen. 

 1933 Philotheca Bud. 



1310 Cruwe« Sm. 



1311 Eriostemon Sm. 

 1152 Borbm'a Sm. 



399 Zibria Sm. 

 909 ? Poranthera Bud. 



§ 4. DlOSMEiE AMERICA^N-E. 



1191 Melicope Forst. 

 396 Evbdia Forst. 

 1190 Elaphrium Jac. 



1313 Choisya H. & B. 



147. Order LVI. SIMARUBA v CEiE. 



144. Tribe 3. Cusparie\e. 



678 Spiranthera St. Hel. 

 48 Galipea Aub. 

 2046 Monnien'a W. 



145. Tribe 4. Zanthoxy'lEjE. 

 lig. 5. herb. 0. £ 221 feet. 

 2758 BruceaHerit. 

 2764 Zanth6xylum L 3 

 398 Faghra L. 

 686 Toddalia J. 

 391 Ptelea L. 1 

 2876 Aildntus Desf. 1 



146. Ruta ceis affInes. 

 2759 Tetradium Tou. 



Genera 3, Species 5; Hot-house Species 5; Green-house Species 0 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 0; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 0. ^0 feet ; j£ 0 feet ; =*= 0 feet. 



Thirteen plants, found in equinoctial America, constitute this order. They are trees or shrubs, with an 

 intensely bitter bark, a milky juice, and pinnated leaves. The Simaruba officinalis is well known as the most 

 pure and intense bitter hitherto discovered ; the same property exists, in a milder degree, in the rest of the 

 order. Quassia amara is a very ornamental plant, but rare, at present, in collections. Cuttings. 



1316 Quassia W. | 1317 Simaruba Aub. | 1318 Simaba Hit 



Section IV. Fruit (gynobasic) inserted into a fleshy Receptacle, ivith which tlie Style is continuous. 



148. Order LVII. OCHNA^CE^E. 



Genera 3, Species 15 ; Hot-house Species 14 ; Green-house Species 1 ; Hardy Ligneous Specks 0 ; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 0. ± 0 feet ; jg 0 feet ; ^ 0 feet. 

 Beautiful yellow-flowered tropical shrubs with lucid leaves. The roots and leaves of Walkena serrata, a 

 Cingalese plant, are bitter ; a decoction of them, either in water or milk, is used in Malabar as tonic, stomachic, 

 and antiemetic. The bark of Gomphia hexasperma is found useful in healing sores produced in cattle in 

 Brazil by the stings of insects. Cuttings. 



1582 O'chna Schreb. I 1315 Gomphia Schreb. 



744 Walkerm Schreb. | 1151 Castelo Turp. 



