NATURAL ARRANGEMENT. 



519 



292. Order C. CAPRIFOLIA v CE^. 



Genera 11, Species 118 ; Hot-house Species 3 ; Green-house Species 10 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 96 ; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 9. f 72 feet ; £ 7 feet ; i 0 feet. 



This is an eminently beautiful order, consisting either of twining or erect shrubs with clusters of trumpet, 

 shaped fragrant white, scarlet, or yellow, flowers, or of fine bushes having cymes of white blossoms. The honey- 

 suckle is the representative of the former, the dogwood of the latter. Here too is found the modest and delicate 

 Linna^a, which, however inferior its attractions for the vulgar eye may be to those of its more ostentatious neigh- 

 bours, yields to none of them in elegance or interest for the botanist. All the genera have a more or less astrin- 

 gent bark ; that of Lonicera corymbijsa is used in Chile for dying black ; that of Cornus flurida in North America 

 in intermittent fevers, as is also" the bark of Cornus sen'cea, which, according to Barton, is scarcely inferior to 

 Quinquina. The Elders are the link between honeysuckles and umbelliferous plants, to the latter of which 

 they are allied by their stinking divided foliage and half herbaceous habit ; their flowers are sudorific and sopo- 

 rific in a high degree, their leaves and inner bark are emetics and drastic purgatives. Triosteum perforatum 

 is intermediate between this order and Rubiacese, with the former of which it agrees in its purgative, and 

 with the latter in its emetic, qualities, which resemble those of ipecacuanha. All Caprifoliacese love shady cool 

 places in both hemispheres ; but few have been found in such as endure a very severe climate. Cuttings, 

 layers, or seeds. 



401 Cornus L. *15 2 624 Diervilla Tou. 1 0 I 626 Leycesterm Wal. 



893 Sambucus L. *13 3 621 Caprifolium R. & S. *16 0 1096 Schradera Vahl 



892 Viburnum L. *28 0 622 Lonicera R. & S. *20 0 1703 Linna;\i Gro. *0 2 



623 Symphoria Ph. 3 0 625 Tri6steum L. 0 2 I 



293. Order CI. LORA'NTHEiE. 



Genera 2, Species 2 ; Hot-house Species 0 ; Green-house Species 0 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 2 j 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 0. ± 2 feet ; £10 feet; i 0 feet. 



None of these are cultivable ; they are all genuine parasites, rooting beneath the bark of the trees on which 

 they grow, and deriving from their juices the whole of their nutriment. The Viscums have little or no 

 beauty, but the Loranthi are among the most lovely of plants, hanging in clusters of rich scarlet flowers 

 from the branches of trees in the tropics, which they often clothe with a beauty not their own. The mistletoe 

 of the Druids is supposed to have been the Loranthus europaa v us, the common Fiscum never being seen 

 upon the oak, while the Loranthus inhabits no other tree. If this be so, the latter must have once existed 

 in this kingdom although now extinct. It has been suggested, that all vestiges of their religion were extir- 

 pated with the Druids, which will account for the Loranthus having disappeared wherever that religion 

 formerly held its sway Seeds. 



2750 Fiscumi. *1 0 | ? 2620 Aticuba L. 1 0 



294. Order CII. CHLORA'NTHEiE. 



Genus 1, Species 3 ; Hot-house Species 3 ; Green-house Species 0 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 0 ; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 0. J 0 feet ; £ 0 feet ; ^ 6 feet. 



Small inconspicuous shrubs with terminal spikes of green flowers, wholly destitute of interest for gardens. 

 Cuttings or suckers. 



26 Chloranthus Swt. 



295. Order CHI. RUBIA'CEiE. 



Genera 73, Species 387 ; Hot-house Species 221 ; Green-house Species 34 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 3 ; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 129. f lOf ft. ; £ 19 feet; 0 feet. 

 Opposite entire leaves with intervening stipulse, a monopetalous superior corolla, with a definite number of 

 stamens and a bilocular ovarium, are the great characteristics of Rubiacete; an order of such extent that it 

 embraces a very large proportion of the whole of phasnogamous plants, including within its limits humble 

 weeds and lofty trees, plants with important medicinal qualities and flowers of varied dyes. The sections 

 into which the order has been divided are merely artificial, with the exception of Spermacocea?, Galea?, and 

 Cephalantheas, which are the representatives of the order in northern regions. Among these the /iiibia, or 

 madder, is the most important on account of its dye; Galium also possesses some qualities of minor con- 

 sequence. Among the other sections, the plants of beauty or value are innumerable : of the former description, 

 the genera Ixbra, Bouvardja, Catesb^a, Portland/a, Coutarea, Gardem'a, Mussce'nda, Hameltoi, Cephaelis, 

 Cephalanthus, and many others, are notable examples ; to the latter, every genus has a contribution of one 

 kind or another. The root of Hedybtis umbellata is employed in India for staining nankin ; that of Mo- 

 rinda umbellata in the Moluccas, and of Morinda citrifolia in India, is used for dying red and brown. The 

 potent febrifugal properties of the Cinchona need not be insisted on ; it is less generally known that the 

 bark of Pinckneya pubens, Macrocnemum corymbosum, Isertia coccinea, and Portlands grandiflbra, pos- 

 sesses similar, but weaker, powers. The bark and roots of Antirhba are used, in the Isle of Bourbon, to 

 stop haemorrhage ; and that of Morinda Rbyoc is used for ink. Astringent properties of a very marked 

 character are found in the juice of Nauclea Gdmbir of Hunter, the Uncaria Gambir of Roxburgh, which 

 is often improperly confounded with Gum kino, the produce of a very different plant. Some of the species 

 formerly comprehended under the genus Cinchona, but since separated by the name of Exostemma, possess 

 strong emetic powers. The same qualities exist in Cephaelis emetica, the Callic6cca Ipecacuanha, and 

 Ge6phila renif6rmis, which are often used as ipecacuanha. The seed of the Cqffea furnishes the valuable 

 beverage which is so much esteemed in Europe and the East, under the name of coffee. Division, seeds, or 

 cuttings. 



296. Section 1. Guetta'rdejs. 



2636 Guettarda L. 

 1097 Istrtia Schreb. 

 637 Vanguiera J. 

 645 j£rithalis L. 



297. Section 2. 

 634 Hameltfa J. 



Hamelia^ce^e. 



298. Section 3. Gardenie\e. 

 641 Randia L. 



638 Gard£;n?a L. 



635 Posoqueria Aub. 

 630 Cdnthium Lam. 

 640 Oxyanthus Dec. 



636 Tocoyena Aub. 



639 Genlpa Tou. 



646 Webera Schreb. 



601 Burchelh'tf R. Br. 

 386 Coccocypselum R. Br. 

 524 Ophiorrhiza L. 



299. Section 4. Cinch5ne.<e. 



604 Portland^ L. 

 603 Coutarea Aub. 



598 Exostemma Rich. 

 644 Pinckneya Mx. 



599 Hymenocrictyon Wal. 



600 Cinchona L. 

 1094 Hilh'a L. 



597 Macrocnemum L. 



602 Rondeletfa L. 



642 Mussce'nda L. 



643 Luciilia Swt. 



LI 4 



300. Section 5. Cephala'nthe^. 

 lig.l. kerb.0. £10ft. 



377 Adina Sal. 

 649 Naiiclea L. 



3297 Uncaria Gae. 

 652 Sarcocephalus Af%. 

 361 Cephalanthus L. 10 

 648 Morinda L. 

 ? 1486 Melanopsidium Col. 



301. Section 6. HEDYOTiDEJi. 



388 Hedybtis W. 

 3291 Lipbstoma I). Don 



389 MantSttia Mutis 



378 Bouvard/a Sal. 

 596 Dentella Forst. 



595 Spermadictyon Rox. 

 381 Catesbfl^a W. 



