520 



NATURAL ARRANGEMENT. 



385 Ferneh'a J. 



379 Ixbra L. 



383 Ernbdea Swx. 



302. Section 7. Coffea\3E.e. 



lig. 1. herb. 0. £ 1 ft. 

 387 Mitch ella W. 10 

 i 360 ^Egiphila L. 



382 Pavetta L. 

 ! 376 Chomelm Jac. 

 . 384 Siderodendrum Jac. 



380 Tetramerium Gae. 

 , 627 Coffea L. 



\ 650 Cephaelis Swx. 



305. Order CIV. OPERCULARIE^iE. 



Genera 2, Species 6 ; Hot-house Species 1 ; Green-house Species 5 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 0 ; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 0. fO feet ; £ 0 feet ; ^ 0 feet. 



Exotic weeds, nearly related to Rubiaceze. Their properties are unknown. M. de Jussieu has remarked 

 that their affinity to Valerianea? is supported by the curious circumstance, that birds devour the young shoots 

 of the Opercularias as they do those of the corn-salads. Seeds or cuttings. 



328 Opercularia L. | 329 Cryptospermum Pers. 



306. Order CV. VALERIA V NE^E. 



Genera 5, Species 50 ; Hot-house Specks 0 ; Green-house Species 1 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 0 ; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 49. 0 feet ; £ 13| ft. ; * 0 feet. 



Small herbaceous plants, more interesting for the sake of their symmetry and neatness, than on account of 

 any particular attractions : they may be considered a connecting link between Rubiacea? and Dipsaceae. 

 Many of the Valerians, and all the Patrinias, are pretty plants. The Valerianellas are useful esculents, 

 known under the name of corn-salads. Their medicinal properties are of a decisive character. The roots 

 of Valeriana officinalis, Phil, and others, are bitter, tonic, aromatic, antispasmodic, and vermifugal ; they 

 are occasionally used as febrifuges. The odor of Valerian is not generally agreeable, but the Orientals 

 collect with care, on the mountains of Austria, the roots of Valeriana celtica, with which they perfume their 

 baths ; and the natives of India, at this day, employ the Valeriana jatamansi, the spikenard of old times, as a 

 perfume, and against hysterics and epilepsy. Division or seeds. 



20 Centranthus Dec. *0 4 I 330 Patrinia J. 0 7 | 96 Valerianella Dufr. *0 18 



95 Valeriana L. *0 19 | 86 Fidia Moen. 0 1 | 



507. Order CVI. DIPSA'CE^. 



Genera 8, Species 108 ; Hot-house Species 0 ; Green-house Species 9 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 0 ; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 99. i 0 feet ; £ 25| feet ; ^ 0 feet. 



Very nearly akin to Comp6sit£e, of which they have nearly the habit. All are herbaceous plants with 

 flowers growing in heads. Some of the Scabiosas and Asterocephalus are very handsome, and popular border 

 flowers. The whole tribe is cultivated with great facility. Some of the species of Scabibsa have been employed 

 as diaphoretic and antisyphilitic, but are now neglected. Division or seeds. 



84 Morlna L. I 3388 Succisa Vail. *0 15 I 345 Cephalaria Schr. 



344 Zh'psacus L. *0 7 3289 Asterocephalus Vail. *0 53 347 KnauU'a L. 0 2 



346 Scabibsa Vail. *0 17 I 3290 Pterocephalus Vail. 0 5 I 



308. Order CVII. CALYCE v RE^. 



Genus 1, Species 1 ; Hot-house Species 1 ; Green-house Species 0 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 0; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 0. f 0 feet ; £ 0 feet ; ^ 0 feet. 



Obscure weedy South American plants, differing from Composite chiefly in the position of their ovula. 

 Seeds or cuttings. 



2459 Acicarpha J. 



309. Order CVIII. COMPO'SIT^E. 



Genera 296 5 Species 2771 ; Hot-house Species 181 ; Green-house Species 609; Hardy Ligneous Species 25 ; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 1956. ! 19| ft. ; £108 feet; =*= 0 feet. 



A most extensive and natural order, obviously characterised by the cohesion of their antherse, and the 

 arrangement of their florets in involucrated heads, or calathidia, as they are now called. Most of them may 

 be said to be ornamental plants, and yet but a very few hold that station in the opinion of the public. It is 

 difficult to account for this circumstance, nor is this the place to enter upon such an investigation ; certain, 

 however, it is, that with the exception of georginas, the varieties of Chrysanthemum sindnse, and a few Calen- 

 dulas and Arctotises, and perhaps Tagttes, scarcely a single Composita now finds a place in a fashionable 

 flower-garden. The prevailing colour of the flower in the order is yellow; red, purple, or scarlet being com- 

 paratively uncommon. The species inhabit every part of the world, and in all, perhaps, in nearly equal 

 proportions : in Europe and the north of the world they are chiefly herbaceous ; but within the tropics, they 

 are more frequently frutescent. Their medical properties are very important: Pussilago Parfara, Chamomile, 

 Pnula, Solidago, Virgatirea, Matricaria, Parthenium, Stev/a febrifuga, and Pupatbn'wwe perforatum are 

 instances of the presence of tonic and febrifugal pi-operties ; Tanacetum and Santolina are anthelmintic; 

 Matricaria and the Achilleas emmenagogue; some Eupatoriums, Achilleas, Artemisias, and Calendulas are 

 sudorific ; certain Liatrises are diuretic, and iTrigeron philadelphicum is both sudorific and diuretic. 

 Ptarmica and A'rnica are sternutatory, and Spilanthes, Siegesbeckza orientalis, ^'nthemis Pyrethrum, and 

 others, powerfully excite salivation ; finally, many Achilleas, Chamomile, Tanacetum, and Eupatoriums are 

 tonic and antispasmodic. Others seem to possess all these properties combined, and are reckoned among the 

 best alexiterics, as the Ayapana of Brazil, and the Guaco of Peru. Every one knows the excellent and 

 refreshing flavour communicated to vinegar by Tarragon: the same effects are produced in the Alps by 

 Achillea nkna, Artemisia glacialis, rupestris, and spicata. Some species of Achillea, Pellis, and ^rtemism have 

 been used as substitutes for tea. The seeds of many Comp6sita?, as Madia and Verbeslna, yield a copious oil ; 



631 Psychotria L. 



632 Nonatelia Aub. 



633 Palicim'a Aub. 

 651 Ge6phila D. Don 



628 Chioc6cca W. 



629 Serlssa J. 



647 Plocama H. K. 

 bll Pa?deria L. 



303. Section 8. Spermacoceje. 

 lig. 1. herb. 6. ± 3 ft. ; £ 4|ft. 

 816 Phyllis L. 10 

 1095 Richardson^ Kth. 



355 Bigelbvia Spr. 



352 Spermacbce L. 0 5 



354 KnoxwL. 



304. Section 9. Ga\em. 

 lig. 0. herb. 123. £ 18 ft. 



2760 Anthospermum L. 



356 Crucianella L. 



0 



11 



351 Sherardfo L. 



*0 



2 



349 R ubia L. 



*0 



4 



350 Asperula L. 



*0 



23 



2859 Valantto L. 



*0 



11 



348 Galium L. 



*0 



72 



