298 



MR. H. A. BAYLTS AND LT.-COL. CLAYTON LANE ON 



distinguish it from GnatJiostoma spinigerum. It does not seeni 

 reasonable to consider the name otherwise than as a synonym ^ 

 pending re-examination of the original mateiial. 



GnatJiostoma faronai Poi'ta (1908, p. 8) is a name based on a 

 single badl}^ preserved female so opaque that no intei-nal strnctiiie 

 was made out. Its meagre description is in eveiy wny applicable 

 to Gnathostoma spinigerum. It was found free in the intestine of 

 Rattus \^Mus] rajah. Its unusual habitat and poor condition 

 suggest that it. was in reality a moribund parasite of some animal 

 eaten by the i-at. 



Schneider (1866, p 98) described from the gastric wall of 

 Paradoxurus jjhiUppinensis a parasite, Filaria rachda, with tlie 

 general external appearance of Gvathostoina spinigerum. He also 

 notes particularly that the egg-shell was finely stippled and 

 thickened at one pole, but detected onl}'' thi-ee pairs of caudal 

 papillae in the male. He refused to identify his specimens 

 with Gnathostoma spinigerum^ pai tly on account of their different 

 geographical distribution and partly because the tail-papillte, 

 as he believed them to be situated, had a.n arrangement which 

 he associated with the genus Filaria. These reasons for separating 

 it from G. spinigerum cannot be accepted as cogent, nor are thei'e 

 any cogent ones to be found in the description. 



Specific Diagnosis. 



Gnathostoma spinigerum Owen, 1836. 



Gnathostoma : eight to eleven rows of hooks on the head-bulb ; 

 posteriorly-directed spines cover the anterior half or two-thirds 

 of the body, the anterior being comb-like, with four subequal 

 points, while the three-pointed spines have typically the middle 

 point the longest; in the male, small spines with the points directed 

 away from the cloacal opening cover most of the ventral aspect of 

 the posterior 0*8 mm. of the bod}^ ; right spicule three or four 

 times as long as the left : tail of the female, in ventral view^ 

 uniformly rounded, with very massive papillfe. 



For list of hosts, see p. 304. 



2. Gnathostoma hispidum* Fedclienko, 1872. 



Gnathostoma hispichmn Fedclienko (1872, p. 106; pi. xv.). 

 Cheiracanthus hispidus v. Linstow (1893, p. 201 ; pi. vii. 

 figs. 1-16). 



Cheiranthus hisjjidus v. Linstow (1893, p. 202) [misprint]. 



The description which follows is based partly on a translation 

 which we have privately obtained of the essential parts of 

 Fedchenko's Russian paper t, in which he describes material from 



^'f For specific diagnosis, see p. 300. 



t The principal contents of the paper are rendered more accessible tlirougli its 

 Latin summary, and throngli an abstract of it in German b,y Leuckart (1873). 



