44 
Theodore Payne, Seedsman and Nurseryman 
TRANSPLANTING. When the seedlings are 2 to 3 
inches high they are ready for transplanting, but 
they must first be hardened off by exposing them 
to the sun; transplant to the same kind of boxes 
as already mentioned, 100 to a box, in perfect rows 
or checks, using the same kind of soil as that in 
which the seed was sown though a trifle heavier 
or less sandy. Fill the boxes, press down the soil 
and smooth off the surface then mark the soil off 
by lines into ten divisions each way and plant 
where lines cross, 100 to a box. This may be done 
by marking the edges of sides of box and using 
a small straight edge that will drop inside of box 
or any other contrivance that will check off the 
soil in centers of 100 to each box. A method often 
used by commercial growers is to have a board 
Just ^ h< L^ ize of the inside of the box; in this are 
Placed 100 screws, set at the right distance apart 
for the trees; the heads of the screws are left 
protruding about % of an inch from the board, 
inis board is laid on the smooth surface of the 
soil and hammered slightly with a wooden mallet, 
thus making 100 impressions at the exact places 
tor the plants. In planting, make a hole for 
each seedling with a sharpened stick about the 
♦St ? ^ lea< ? K enc U' firmi n& the soil after put- 
"* the Plant. Sprinkle a thin layer of sand 
STf 1 ™ 11 * 6 * surf ace of the soil; this helps to hold 
J5~ mo . ls ture and will keep the surface from bak- 
thf «?* f the seedlings are taken from 
the seed box or bed they should have a thorough 
watering so that they will come out of the soil 
b5 8 Xwi??^ breakin ^ the roots, which must not 
be allowed to dry on any account during the process 
U S^SS}^^ Whe S mowing the plants for sl?e 
timp a ?™able to grade seedlings into sizes at the 
tran fP la ntmg, so that when the plants are 
oox t'fc?fo£ ey Wl11 - b - e of an even size i™ onS 
box and the boxes containing the larger size plants 
can be sold first and the smaller onS later in the 
season. As soon as the seedlings are transplanted 
Site ^lL he fn7l te 7 d ^uelSy and set ^ In com- 
plete shade for a few days until they thorou-hlv 
ened P ?o a he a ^ e n r th ^ th «y should be graduaHy 
tTsVSut ta tSS fiem.^ f ° r Until they are ready 
PLANTING OUT IN THE FIELD. The land should bp 
ThTtlmrtn^SX aS P° SSible andVefl harrowed 
±ne time to plant varies according to the climntin 
f?n5 ltl0 i ns V In localiti ^ where there is little or nS 
frost, planting may be done in the winter time thus 
getting the benefit of the rains, but in section^ 
where frost prevails, it should be deferred U Z 
spring The size at which the plants a?e best to 
set out is from 6 to 10 inches. The boxes mnv h2 
or triangle system, placing the trees 8 feet aSlrt 
CARE OP THE YOUNG TREES. As the value of +h» 
grove depends largely upon the fees making 
good start, it will pay wherever practical to ftri- 
fwo e S e a as d ons U ^ tr6eS f ° r at the first 
THINNING THE TREES. To produce good lumber it 
is necessary that the trees grow straight Close 
planting induces a straight growth. It is therefore 
Pj ant closely and at the end of the first 
season grub out all weak and inferior trees. 
SP JS? IES T< i P I ATVT FOR PROFIT. Eucalyptus trees 
are gross feeders and to be grown profitably require 
a. deep rich soil with a fair amount of moisture, 
™L 0n l y - u ^ e }'. these conditions will they make 
good, straight timber trees. When planted on poor 
or impoverished soil they make stunted, crooked 
trees, which are worthless for timber purposes. The 
best species to plant for profit depends largely upon 
the locality where the trees are to be grown. For 
£!L era l timber Purposes, taking all conditions and 
uses into consideration, E. tereticornis is considered 
the most profitable tree to plant. But in sections 
where E. globulus, "Blue Gum," thrives there will 
be quicker returns by planting this species than 
any other. For the hot interior sections E. tereti- 
cornis and E. rostrata are recognized as the leading 
commercial kinds, while E. viminalis might be grown 
very profitably ujpder the same conditions. In lo- 
calities not subject to frost E. corynocalyx may be 
planted. For those who have the right conditions 
and can afford to wait longer for returns E. resini- 
fera will probably prove one of the most profitable 
on account of its very valuable wood, which is used 
for furniture and interior finishing and is imported 
very largely by railway companies for the inside 
of cars under the trade name of Australian Mahog- 
any. 
SPECIES FOR FENCE POSTS. This is an important 
item on large ranches. By setting aside a small 
portion of land a great quantity of fence posts could 
be produced in a few years. The best species for 
this purpose are E. tereticornis, E. robusta, E. ros- 
trata and E. corynocalyx. 
SPECIES FOR WIND-BREAKS. This is also of great 
importance in many parts of the country where 
heavy winds prevail. Probably the best species for 
this purpose are E. globulus, E. botryoides, E. ro- 
busta, E. cornuta, E. diversicolor and E. polyan- 
thema, and for irrigated sections on the desert, E. 
rudis. 
Eucalyptus seed vessels, spread out on canvas to dry 
PHOTOGRAPH BY T. P. LUKENS 
EUCALYPTUS AMYGDALINA. "Peppermint Gum." An 
exceedingly tall growing tree; in fact, to this species 
belong probably the tallest trees in the world. 
Baron Von Mueller having recorded trees over 400 
feet high and with diameters of 18 to 35 feet. The 
tree is very variable in growth, however, the great 
heights mentioned being attained in moist ravines; 
under less favorable conditions it forms a much 
smaller tree, and in some cases is comparatively 
dwarf. The timber is useful for shingles, flooring, 
etc., but does not usually last well under ground. 
One of the most valuable for oil, producing more 
volatile oil than any other species yet tested. Rec- 
ommended for planting in swampy places as a pre- 
ventative for yellow fever, etc. Pkt. 15c, oz. 75c 
lb. $7.50. 
E. AMYGDALINA, VAR. ANGUSTIFOMA. See E. line- 
aris. 
E. AMPLiIF OLIA. Much resembling E. tereticornis, 
but having large, almost round leaves when in the 
young state; generally known in California as the 
"Cooper" or "Round-leaf tereticornis." In corre- 
spondence I received from Professor J. H. Maiden in 
regard to this tree he states that it is known botan- 
lcally under the above name, under which it was 
described by Naudin. Professor Maiden states, how- 
ever, that it is possible that this tree should, prop- 
erly speaking, be treated as a variety of E. tereti- 
cornis, but he is not prepared to say further until 
he deals with E. tereticornis and its varieties in his 
Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus and 
Forest Flora of New South Wales." The wood is 
similar to that of E. tereticornis, and this tree has 
been planted quite extensively in California for com- 
mercial purposes. It forms a handsome tree, and 
is valuable for ornamental purposes. Pkt. 15c. oz. 
$1.00, lb. $10.00. 
