77 



expect them to be easily destroyed by any of the ordinary appli- 

 cations, such as lime, ashes, or soap, provided we can find a time 

 when the substance applied will really reach them." 



The next notice of the species appears in the "Prairie Farmer" 

 for September 16, 1871, where Dr. LeBaron states that "the ob- 

 servations of the present year give us good reason to believe that 

 this little pest is not going to prove of as serious a character as 

 we at first apprehended. Whether it be that they have been de- 

 stroyed by natural enemies, or, what seems more probable, in the 

 absence of any known enemies of this kind, that they are very 

 susceptible to the vicissitudes of the weather, it is an evident 

 fact that the hosts of last year have entailed a very scanty progeny 

 upon the present. I visited Mr. Wier's place this season at about 

 the time of my last year's observations, and though there were 

 marks of damage by the early spring brood, the second seemed, 

 for some reason, to have proved abortive. I could find but few 

 specimens, and the nursery trees had made a good growth." 



In the "Prairie Farmer" for February 10, 187'2, Mr. Wier publishes 

 an abstract of Dr. LeBaron's article and gives the following addi- 

 tional particulars concerning the attacks of the insect: "My 

 attention was first called to it the fall of '63, by a neighboring- 

 nurseryman. * * * His acre or more of seedlings could have 

 looked no worse if they had been sprinkled over with dry straw 

 and burned over; yet, as was the case in our nursery, there was 

 scarcely a Tortrix to be seen the succeeding summer, and his 

 seedlings made a very strong growth. I next saw it in my nursery 

 in June, '64, when it swept over a large lot of two year old apple 

 trees but did no serious damage, as there appeared to be but one 

 brood. It was next seen, as stated above, about the 12th of June, 

 1870, involving the entire apple nursery here, and more or less the 

 orchard. At that time the caterpillars were about half grown, but 

 were not numerous enough to do any serious damage. They com- 

 menced to change to chrysalides about the 20th of June, and in 

 three to four days the little bright orange moths were flitting 

 around depositing the eggs for another brood of worms. The eggs 

 soon hatched, and as the brood of worms was at least one hundred 

 times more numerous than the first, the trees soon showed signs 

 of damage. I did not determine positively, but I am quite certain 

 that this biood changed to moths in about thirty days, or the 20th 

 of July, and they at once laid their eggs, increasing perhaps fifty- 

 fold (enemies had begun to prey upon them). They matured 

 about August 20, and laid eggs for another brood about equaling 

 the second; these, so far as I could see, were all killed by frost, 

 that were not destroyed by their natural enemies, when about two 

 thirds grown." 



The species is next treated of in the Fourth Report of the State 

 Entomologist of Missouri (pp. 46-48, fig. 22), where the gray 

 winter form is described as "The Green Apple Leaf Tyer— Tortrix 

 Cinderella, n. sp;" and a short notice of Dr. LeBaron's article 



