79 



In the Eeport of the Seventh Annual Convention of the New 

 Jersey Cranberry Association (1879, p. 7), Mr. John H. Brakeley 

 gives an account of the injuries of this insect to cranberries, and 

 adds that it is commonly found on the high-bush whortleberry. 



There next appears in the Index to the Missouri Entomological 

 Keports (U. S. Ent. Com., Bull. No. 6, pp. 82, 83) a note, 

 followiug the republished description of Tortrix Cinderella, in 

 which Dr. Eiley says: "From specimens reared from cranberry- 

 feediug larvse received from Mr. John H. Brakeley, of Bordentown, 

 N. J., I am satisfied that this is the same species briefly character- 

 ized by Packard in the first edition of his Guide as Toririx 

 oxijcoccana, and that T. mcdivorana LeBaron is but a dimor- 

 phic orange form subsequently described by Packard as T. 

 vacciniivorana. The orange and ash-gray specimens are thus bred 

 both from Apple and Cranberry. I have reared both forms from Cran- 

 berry and from Apple, and they are indistinguishable in the larva 

 and pupa states. The gray form is more or less suffused with 

 orange scales and the orange form less frequently with gray scales. 

 This is the most remarkable case of dimorphism with which I 

 am familiar in the family, and points strongly to the important 

 bearing of biological facts on a true classification. The dimorphic 

 coloring is not sexual, but occurs in both sexes. * * * The 

 species belongs to the genus Teras, and, as Packard's specific 

 name oxycoccana has priority, the insect should be known as Teras 

 oxycoccana, Pack. * * * The gray form of the moth is most 

 frequent in autumn." 



Prof. C. H. Fernald, in his "Synonymical Catalogue of the de- 

 scribed Tortricidae of North America," published in 1882 (Trans. 

 Am. Ent. Soc, Yol. X., p. 9), retains the four species — Teras 

 oxycoccana, Cinderella, malivorana, and vacciniivorana, — remarking 

 in a foot note that "Prof. Kiley thinks these four species are all 

 one, but surely oxycoccana. Pack., must be distinct." Teras 

 mhiiiia is also here given as a distinct species, and T. variolana, 

 Zell. is mentioned as a synonym of it. 



Both forms of the species are treated of by Mr. Wm. Saunders 

 in his treaties on "Insects Injurious to Eruit" under the names 

 given by LeBaron and Riley, but the statement is made that "it 

 is probable that both insects are slightly modified forms of the 

 same species." 



In "Papilio" for April, 1884 (p. 71), Prof. Riley, in an article entitled 

 "On the Dimorphism of Teras oxycoccana, Pack.," republishes 

 the paragraph above quoted from the Index to the Missouri Re- 

 ports, and adds that as a consequence of the doubt implied in 

 Prof. Fernald's Catalogue concerning the correctness of these 

 views, he "put the question to so full a test as to leave no reason 

 for doubt. The experience of Mr. J. B. Smith in the field is con- 

 firmatory; but from material which he sent to Washington, 

 we not only actually bred the orange form from the first brood 

 of larv«3, received in May and produced from the hibernating slate- 



