27 



40. 



Valuation Slirver. 



There are mauy nietliods of making a Aaliiation survey, but tliis 

 form is adapted to most of tliem. 



1. Each slieet should be dated on llie day the notes are entered. 



2. ''Locality" refers to quality of locality. 



0. "Area" refers to the area which is beino worked, as either the 

 total area or the unit or area. 



4. '^Number" is that of the sheet covering the area indicated. 



5. Cali})ering should be done cai-efully, paying attention to 



(a) Position of calipers. They should be at right angle to the 



axis of the tree. 



(b) Uniform height of measurement should be maintained. 



(c) Swellings, knots, vines, etc., should be avoided. 



(d) Average diameter should be read. 



G. Except in case of ver}^ exact work, diameters may be entered in 

 two-inch classes. 



41. 



Tree Analysis. 



''The measurement of a felled tree to determine its growth is called 

 a tree analysis.'' H. S. (Jraves. 



1. Date should be entered, Ihe day the analysis is made. 



2. ''Type" refers to tyj)e of tree, as predominant, dominant, or sup- 

 pressed, etc. 



3. "Locality" refers to quality of locality. 



4. "Height of Cross Section" refers to the number of feet above 

 ground at which the annual rings are counted and measured. 



5. To determine the age of the tree, determine the number of years 

 required for the tree to reach the height of the cross section, by ex- 

 amination of small seedlings or sprouts in the neighborhood; e. g., 

 if the tree is cut at one foot from the ground and is a white pine, it 

 may have required live ye.nrs to reach that height. Then count the 

 number of l ings from centre to bark ; add five for the total age. 



0. If the cross section is one foot above ground and it took five 

 years to reach that height, the radius at one foot when five years old 

 was 0. At ten years the radius was the distance from centre to out- 

 side of tlie 5th annual ring; at 15 years the distance from centre to 

 tenth annual ring, and so on. 



7. Suppose 1he tree is 87 years old and the cross-section is 40 feet 

 high. We determine first where the annual ring laid on in the 80th 

 year of growth is by counting seven rings from the bark. The radius 

 at 80 years at this height is the distance from centre to the outside 

 of the ring, outside of Avhich there are still seven rings. 



Counting ten rings toward the center determines the annual de- 

 posit of wood made in the 70th year of the tree's life, and so on. 



There may be a number of rings from the place of last measurement 

 to center, say, 8. It would mean, if in all there were 25 rings on the 

 cross-section, that it required G2 years to reach a height of 40 feet; 

 in other words, 87 minus 25 equals 62. 



8. "Diameter B. H.'' refers to diameter at 4J feet above ground, 

 outside of bark. 



