22 



very operation throughout the season from planting seed to 

 lifting and shipping seedlings under the direction of an ex- 

 perienced nurseryman. During the summer, the class also makes 

 experimental cleanings and thinnings in the forest on typical 

 areas. A large number of plantations and thinnings made in 

 previous years arc now yielding unexcelled material for the 

 study of the effects of such operations on the characteristic types 

 of the State. 



The library is well stocked with the best works on the sub- 

 ject. Sj^hlicli, Schenck, and Mayr are the texts assigned for 

 study. 



(8) FOREST PROTECTION (Prof. Retan), Senior Year- 

 First Term — Lectures 3 hours, Field Work 3 hours. 



The course in Forest Protection is adapted to the conditions 

 prevailing in the Pennsylvania forests. It does not include En- 

 tomology or Pathology. Emphasis is laid on the primary im- 

 portance of the subject for Pennsylvania foresters. The grazing 

 and the fire problems are taken up in detail and discussed from 

 the standpoint of the differing conditions existing in the different 

 parts of the State and also on the National Forests of the west. 

 Methods of regulation and elimination, planning and working 

 out a complete fire protective system, fire laws of the States, 

 and protective measures and implements of other states are con- 

 sidered. Public education is discussed. 



The field work consists of trips to this and neighboring for- 

 ests for the study of the protective systems and the efTects of 

 grazing, fire, frost, heat, etc. In the nursery screens and mulches 

 are experimented with. Numerous plantations are studied as 

 illustrations of the effects of covers of various heights. Prac- 

 tical experience in telephone construction is given in another 

 course. (See "Mechanics".) 



