10 



of final form. These have been separated into classes or industries, and as 

 much as possible of the data which they represent has been similarly ar- 

 ranged and is presented in this report in tabular form. 



The question of the disposal of that part of the rough lumber cut going into 

 the various channels of manufacturer is answered by this report and by the 

 others of this series. For instance, the furniture woods are grouped together 

 in the order of their importance as to amount consumed and in the same 

 way is presented the species demanded for the making of other chief commod- 

 ities, like chairs, vehicles, refrigerators, matches, farm implements, sport- 

 ing goods, etc. 



The Pennsylvania Department of Forestry and the United States Forest 

 Service are constantly receiving 'inquiries from points throughout this and 

 nearby states concerning markets for various kinds of timber and lumber, 

 and are called on for data on practical uses of wood and for suggestions and 

 advice on possible solutions of waste problems. This report will answer 

 many of these questions. The farmer, the timber owner, and the sawmill 

 man are aided in selling their material by having the information of the 

 kinds of wood the manufacturers demand and of the forms and prices apply- 

 ing to their purchase. The manufacturers in turn are benefited in these 

 added opportunities for buying raw material and in the suggestions offered 

 for finding in the waste of another factory suitable materials for making 

 their own wares. The report may also suggest to manufacturers possible 

 substitutes of cheaper woods for the more costly ones that are being used, 

 besides pointing out the chief regional sources from which the industries 

 procure their raw material. Dealers in wooden products throughout the 

 country can learn what the Pennsylvania manufacturers have to sell, while 

 those outside of Pennsylvania who desire to dispose of their lumber or wood 

 in other forms can find what the manufacturers demand. 



To illustrate the use of this bulletin for reference, suppose information is 

 requested concerning the raw material the handle makers demand. On page 

 96 appears Table 59, giving the list of handle woods, the prices and amounts 

 of each, and other pertinent information, while in the directory appended 

 to this report, grouped also by industries, appear the names and addresses 

 of the handle manufacturers buying these woods, page 186. Again, sup- 

 pose information is needed as to what uses are made of ash, with a view of 

 selling to the best advantage. By first turning to the list of uses on pages 

 145, 146, one can find all commodities made in the State for which the manu- 

 facturers demand ash. Should interest be attracted to the use of this wood 

 in the form of lumber, say for passenger cars, by means of the table of 

 contents the industry table embracing prices f. o. b. factory and other data 

 referring to car building material is quickly found. Then by turning to the 

 names of car builders in the directory, all preliminary information is at 

 hand relating to the conditions of marketing this material with the factories 

 engaged in the industry. 



FOREST CONDITIONS. 

 The earliest settlements were naturally in the hardwood regions of the 

 eastern part of the State, where were found, extensive forests of various 

 species of oak and hickory. Chestnut, yellow poplar, black walnut, elm, 

 white ash, basswood, and other valuable trees were also common and often 

 attained large size. In the southern tier of counties were niagnificent for- 

 ests, mostly of deciduous growth similar to those in the eastern part of 

 the State. Probably in no region of the United States were there finer 

 hardwoods than here, and magnificent specimens still standing confirm this 



