33 



Table 19. — Consumption of Redwood, year ending June, 1912. 



Industry. 



Quantity. 



Grown in 

 Pennsyl- 

 vania. 



Planing mill products, 



Patterns and flasks 



Car construction 



Caskets and coftins 



Printing material, 



Ship and boat building 



Instruments, musical, 



Rollers and poles, 



Fixtures, 



Manual training practice 

 (sloyd) 



Total 



197,132 



38.98 



$49 19 



$9,697 



136,000 



26.89 



60 74 



8,260 



100,000 



19.77 



36 00 



3,600 



20,000 



3.96 



54 00 



1,080 



20,000 



3.96 



63 00 



1,260 



20,000 



3.96 



52 30 



1,046 



10,000 



1.98 



40 oa 



400 



2,000 



.39 



4,^ 00 



90 



500 



.10 



55 OO 



28 



50 



.01 



60 00 



3 



505,682 



100.00 



$50 36 



$25,464 



TAMARACK. 



(Larix laricina). 



Pennsylvania marks the southern limit of the eastern species of tamarack. 

 Of the limited quantity of lumber used by the factories, a small per cent, was 

 from timbers cut in the extreme northwestern part of the State. It is dis- 

 tinctly a swamp tree, but the wood in its physical properties is similar to 

 southern pine, although it is claimed to be more durable. In quality it is 

 hard, dense, moderately heavy, strong, very stiff, moderately tough, elastic, 

 hard to split, difficult to work, non-resino«>B , and with an intermittent grain. 

 Only two industries in Pennsylvania reported the use of tamarack. It went 

 for parts in boat building and to the planing mills for finished material used 

 in house construction. 



BALSAM FIR. 

 (AMes dalsamea.) 



Balsam fir is found growing in Pennsylvania, but being near the southern 

 limit of its range the trees are of small size and of little commercial value. 

 In the Lake states and in New England, as well as throughout the whole 

 of Canada, this tree grows in swamps, usually associated with tamarack, 

 black spruce, white cedar, etc. It appears also on the uplands, but it is 

 much less common. The wood is soft, weak, and perishable, but has long, 

 tough, colorless fibers, which make it valuable in paper manufacture. Like 

 black spruce, its principal use is for pulp. 



In Canada ninety-five per cent, of this wood is said to be cut for this pur- 

 pose. The lumber serves many of the purposes for which spruce is de- 

 manded, but in Pennsylvania the planing mills were the only class of manu- 

 facturers reporting it. 



THE HARDWOODS. 



In the use of wood for making articles of final form a larger quantity of 

 softwood is demanded than of hardwood; but the hardwoods meet a greater 

 number of uses than softwoods and are more important as to distribution 

 among the various industries. The hardwoods form about forty-five per 

 3 



