46 



THE HICKORIES. 



Two industries in Pennsylvania, vehicle parts and handles, together use 

 nearly five-sixths of the 18,000,000 feet of hickory going into products of final 

 manufacture. The remainder is divided in varying small amounts among eigh- 

 teen industries, of which car building, making of mine sprags, and machine 

 construction are the principal ones. On account of the variety of special 

 uses for which hickory is demanded, a large amount of waste is occasioned, 

 both in the preparation of the raw material as well as in the finished commod- 

 ity. Thj^ waste probably exceeds that of any other valuable hardwood. 



Six species of hickory grow in Pennsylvania and some of them are found 

 more or less generally throughout the State. In the tree they can be readily 

 identified by their botanical characteristics, but when cut into lumber the 

 species are difficult to distinguish. The information available to guide in 

 their separation was so meager that they are therefore presented in this re- 

 port under the generic name hickory. The growing scarcity of hickory, to- 

 gether with the fact that no suitable substitutes have been found for it in a 

 number of its special uses, accounts for the high average price the manu- 

 facturers paid for it. Apart from its scarcity, the wood is a most valuable 

 one, otving to its combination of qualities of extraordinary hardness, 

 strength, toughness, and fiexibility. No such combination exists in any other 

 domestic hardwood. Further, it has a straight grain, is moderately elastic, 

 hard to split, and very perishable; it is a difficult wood to season and to work 

 and to be made to hold its shape. 



Table 29. — Consumption of Hickory, year ending June, 1912. 



Industry. 



Quantity. 



© 



Grown in 

 Pennsyl- 

 vania. 



Grown Out 

 of Penn- 

 sylvania. 



10,819,552 



60.60 



$48 51 



$524,895 



3,642,252 



3,973,350 



22.26 



31 97 



127,045 



2,599,300 



1,115,306 



6.25 



24 50 



27,325 



343,697 



816,363 



4.57 



13 51 



11,031 



816,363 



699,000 



3.91 



27 27 



19,063 



643,000 



124,400 



.70 



33 41 



4,156 



99,400 



80,100 



.45 



27 03 



2,165 



70,100 



63,000 



.35 



46 98 



2,960 



30,000 



50,000 



.28 



18 00 



900 



50,000 



28.000 



.16 



65 00 



1,820 



26,500 



26,000 



.15 



55 85 



1,452 





25,000 



.14 



18 00 



450 



25,000 



15,000 



.08 



17 20 



258 



15,000 



10,000 



.06 



60 00 



600 



2,500 



.01 



60 00 



150 



2,500 



2,500 



.01 



60 00 



150 



2,500 



1,000 



.01 



65 00 



65 



1,000 



934 



.01 



70 66 



64 



234 



750 





81 33 



61 



250 



500 





50 00 



25 



500 



17,853,255 



100.00 



$40 59 



$724,635 



8,367,596 



Vehicles and vehicle parts. 



Handles, 



Car construction, 



Mine equipment, 



Machine construction 



Agricultural implements 



Planing mill products, 



Shuttles, spools, and bobbins, 

 Butchers' blocks iind skewers. 

 Ship and boat building 



Whips, canes, and umbrella 



sticks, 



Ladders, 



Chairs and chair stock, 



Saddles and harness, ' 



Rollers and poles, j 



Woodenware and novelties, i 



Fixtures ! 



Manual training practice 



(sloyd), 



Furniture, 



Printing material, 



Total 



