63 



leaving not less than $25,000,000, a large portion of which each year goes to 

 other states. In a great many cases this purchase money could be expended 

 at home, since it is quite evident that the State is not manufacturing as much 

 of its annual cut as is possible. On the succeeding pages the several industries 

 are considered separately in the order of the quantity of wood consumed. 



PLANING MILL PRODUCTS. 



The extent to which lumber is used in Pennsylvania in the manufacture of 

 building materials is shown statistically in Table 47. This does not, of course, 

 include large quantities of rough lumber used for construction which needs 

 no further change than the hatchet, chisel, and saw to fit it to place on 

 the building. The factories grouped into this industry include four classes. 

 (1) Factories specializing in the manufacture of sash, doors, and blinds or 

 any one of these commodities. Formerly these products were made by small 

 mills operating in nearly every town and city in Pennsylvania doing a general 

 planing mill business but within recent years specialty manufacturing in 

 enormous quantities has demonstrated that these commodities can be manu- 

 factured, distributed, and sold cheaper than they can be made at home in 

 small quantities. (2) Factories producing only planing mill products or the 

 more universal commodities kept in stock like flooring, ceiling, siding, stock 

 finish, etc. Planing mills operated in connection with large sawmills are 

 the principal source of these commodities but portable mills having planers 

 and local sash and door factories also produce large quantities. In this class 

 are included mills specializing in the manufacture of hardwood flooring which 

 in Pennsylvania is an important industry, also parquetry flooring. (3) There 

 are planing mills and builders' factories engaged in the general planing mill 

 business. This class is the most numerous and widely distributed over the 

 State. They manufacture chiefly according to special design and usually for 

 local consumption. Included in their production are special size sash, doors, 

 blinds, and in small quantities floorings, ceiling, etc., besides material for 

 window and door frames, stair work, cupboards, mantels, panel work, colon- 

 nades, grills, and all exterior and interior house flnish. A number of fac- 

 tories belonging to this class are formidable industries, especially those located 

 in cities. (4) Industries other than wood-using that maintain a woodworking 

 shop equipped to manufacture various commodities like those mentioned above 

 for their own needs and mainly for the repair and upkeep of their own plant. 

 Steel mills, collieries, railroad companies, textile mills, and various other 

 large manufacturing enterprises are examples. 



Over 25 per cent, of the lumber cut of the United States is demanded for 

 manufacturing products belonging to this industry and more wood and a 

 greater number of kinds goes into this line of manufacture than into any other. 

 It is not surprising, therefore, that these same facts apply to Pennsylvania 

 and that in this report the planing mill industry as to quantity leads all 

 others. The table following lists the kinds and amounts of woods used but in 

 no manner does it represent all the lumber required in the State in this line. 



Forty-four kinds of wood were reported by the factories grouped under this 

 industry which is the largest number making up any of the forty-eight indus- 

 tries comprising this report. This can probably be explained by the many 

 and varied uses of lumber for building purposes in which operations range 

 as in Pennsylvania from the construction of a rude shanty to expensive 

 palatial residences. 



An examination of the list of woods in the table shows that a number of 

 the species used in large amounts do not grow plentifully in the State. The 

 Pacific coast states furnished a considerable quantity, including western white 



