78 



Table 52— Continued. 



Kind of Wood. 



Quantity. 



Grown in 

 Pennsyl- 

 vania. 



Hornbeam, 



Wliite elm 



Cottonwood 



Pitch pine, 



Silver maple, 



Loblolly pine 



Chestnut, 



Mahogany, 



Locust (black), 



Spruce, 



Cucumber, 



Cherry (black), • 

 Walnut (black), ... 

 Cypress (bald), .. 

 Walnut (Circassian) 



Rosewood 



Total 



100,000 

 93,500 

 64,000 

 55,200 

 47,000 



41,900 

 30,200 

 14,900 

 11,000 

 8,000 



3,800 

 2,250 

 1,400 

 1,000 

 500 



100 



31,801,509 



100.00 



30 OO 

 34 31 

 34 38 

 22 77 

 26 13 



28 07 

 19 77 

 159 13 

 18 73 

 48 88 



25 00 

 91 o& 

 91 42 

 50 00 

 350 00 



260 00 



$42 63 



3,000 

 3,208 

 2,200 

 1,257 

 1,228 



1,176 

 597 



2,371 

 206 

 391 



95 

 206 

 128 



50 

 175 



$1,355,655 



50,000 

 70,500 

 24,000 

 55,200 

 47,000 



18,200 



11,000 

 1,000 



2,000 

 1,100 



13,482,774 



SHIPS AND BOATS. 



The Delaware River's close and direct connection with the Atlantic Ocean 

 as far up as Philadelphia affords sufficient depth and natural advantages to 

 make that city one of the principal harbors of the Atlantic coast. All kinds 

 of seafaring vessels land at its ports, including men-of-war and ocefan liners, 

 and railroads have located their terminal docks along its banks on the Pennsyl- 

 vania side providing conveniences for the loading of coal, grain, and other 

 commodities for export. In the western part of the State the Ohio River 

 and its navigable tributaries afford excellent advantages for river navigation 

 and accordingly the transportation of coal, sand, ore, lumber, steel, and 

 other heavy freight for short hauls has become an important industry. Flat 

 bottom boats are the kind used, such as packets, river tugs, barges, scows, 

 flats, etc. A number of rivers in Pennsylvania, navigable only for small 

 crafts, traverse parts widely known for their picturesque scenery. These 

 are rarely used in commerce, but are inviting to the pleasure seekers for 

 sailing, rowing, and canoeing. It is evident that in order to meet the local 

 demand, the industry of ship and boat building in Pennsylvania must neces- 

 sarily be varied. Crafts of all kinds are built in the State, from dreadnaughts 

 and ocean steamers down to the shell used by the professional oarsmen. 



In building large vessels, steel construction has, to a large extent taken 

 the place of wood. Probably in no other industry has substitution been carried 

 so far as in shipbuilding. It has been less than a century when wood for 

 this kind of boat was the most important and valuable material used, and 

 though still required, its use is only incidental and answers principally for 

 decking, interior finish, furniture, masts, spars and booms, armor backing, 

 templates, joinery work, etc. Smaller boats like steamers for inland water 

 transportation, ferry boats, tugs, etc., use wood more extensively. Their 

 hulls are of metal but their superstructure is mainly of wood while river crafts, . 



