79 



scows, and barges are entirely of wood, and the same is true of small sail 

 boats, canoes, launches, and other pleasure craft. 



This industry not only supplies a large part of the local demand but boats 

 built in Pennsylvania are sold world wide. Other states have more extensive 

 harbor facilities, water fronts, and inland waterways than Pennsylvania, 

 but are not comparable in the size and importance of their shipbuilding in- 

 dustry. In fact only one state surpasses Pennsylvania in the quantity of 

 lumber consumed for boat building. New York in 1912 used 37,700,500 feet 

 while other states in order for quantity are as follows: 



Pennsylvania, 27,635,000 



New Jersey, 13,341,000 



Virginia, 11,138,000 



Delaware, 7,679,000 



Connecticut, 7,084,354 



The uses of wood in boat building are multitudinous. In an ordinary 

 schooner made of wood there are 500 different parts separately named. A large 

 number of them require lumber with special qualities, which probably ac- 

 counts for the long list of woods shown in Table 53. It is impossible to under- 

 take to specify here the different woods for all parts of the many kinds of 

 boats produced in the State but a few of the principal uses of lumber were 

 mentioned by the boat builders and from their reports the following list has 

 been arranged: 



SHIPS, YACHTS, AND RIVER CRAFT. 

 Frames. Decking. 

 White oak. Cypress. 

 Red oak. White pine. 



Hemlock. Hemlock. 



Douglas fir. 



Keels. 



White pine. Rails. 

 White oak. Teakwood. 

 Cypress. Mahogany. 

 Hemlock. White ash. 



Red oak. White oak. 



Longleaf pine. 

 Knees. Hickory. 

 White oak. 



White ash. Masts. 

 Sassafras. Spruce. 

 Tamarack. Hemlock. 



Douglas fir. 



Paddle Wheels. 



White oak. Booms. 



Yellow poplar. Spruce. 

 ^ , Hemlock. 

 Stern Posts, Douglas fir. 



White oak. Shortleaf pine. 



Tamarack. Longleaf pine. 



Rudders. CaUns (Interior). 



whii! n??p Chestnut. 



™s Mahogany. 



'^^P^®^^- Teakwood. 



^^hite ash 



Planking. S^eet birch. 



Cypress. Sycamore. 



White pine. Cypress. 



Shortleaf pine. *Black walnut. 



Douglas fir. * Circassian walnut. 



Spruce. Butternut. 



