i 7 8 



THE YOUNG NATURALIST. [ S 



Laoghal (loyal) whose jagged and serrated peaks tower over smooth and 

 flowing uplands. Ben Loyal owes its distinctive outlines to the crystal 

 syenite of which it is composed, and can be compared to the rugged 

 grandeur jof the Coolins in Skye or the granite peaks of Arran. A large 

 lake lies at its base, renowned as one of the few localities in Scotland fre- 

 quented by theOsprey. The mountains in the western division of Suther- 

 land, are as a rule higher than those of the eastern, and are seen to 

 greater advantage, rising abruptly from a plateau of rock not more 

 than 500 ft. in height, to altitudes exceeding 3,000 ft. Ben More 

 3,273 ft, Conniveall 3,234 ft. There are three distinct rock formations 

 in Sutherland which produce as many kinds of scenery. The 

 Archaean gneiss swells up into lumpy mountains, which possess a 

 grey or streaky aspect, or spread out into expanses of rounded hum- 

 mocks, like the onrolling waves of the sea. The chocolate-coloured 

 sandstone of Torridon and Assynt, built up into huge mountain 

 masses, surrounded by lofty precipices, and resembling the huge 

 towers that rise amidst the ruius of Babylon. The Silurian quartzite 

 which is so often seen capping the hills in lines of light grey escarp- 

 ment, has produced a third type of mountain scenery. Northwards 

 from Assynt the country is almost treeless with the exception of the 

 Shisgill woods, still frequented by the Sutherlandshire wild cat t " a 

 specimen of which was captured a short time ago," and often devoi I 

 of soil, and with all its grandeur there is mingled an air of 

 desolation, more calculated to arouse feelings of abmiration than love. 



THE SOUTH LONDON ENTOMOLOGICAL AND NATURAL 

 HISTORY ASSOCIATION. 



August 28th, 1S20. — J. T. Carrington, F.E.S., President in the chair. Mr. C. 

 Fen exhibited Epiiwphils j antra, L., with the right upper wing pallid, and Polyommatus 

 phloeas, L., with the left lower wing small and pale. He also showed several Tor- 

 trices, &c, taken this year. Mr. South exhibited some local forms of the Durham 

 district. Mr. Waller, Smerinthus occllatus, L., from Bournemouth, with only one an- 

 tenna — The right one ; it had emerged from the chrysalis in this condition. Mr. Joy, 

 Plusia festucce, L., larva and pupa, and remarked on the broods of this species, They 

 got a June brood, he believed, at Manchester, and he had taken it in the latter part 

 of August. Mr. Tutt said he thought the species was consecutively-brooded in June» 

 July and August. Mr. Hawes Tapino'stola concolor, Gn., from Huntingdonshire, taken 

 in July this year. Mr. Frohawk, Epinephele hyperanthus, L., a var. with the markings 

 lanceolate, from the New Forest. Mr. Carrington remarked that he had examined 

 hundreds of hyperanthus in the New Forest, but the only variety he found was var. 



