7 



behind. It is green, with yellow lines on the back and sides, and with yellow 

 transverse lines spotted with red. It feeds on almond, sloe, plum, apple, 

 pear, and oak. 



The chrysalis is shorter than that of Machaon, and stouter in proportion, 

 more decidedly bifid at the head, and more pointed at the tail. In colour it 

 is ochreous, with darker streaks. 



It is a common butterfly in Southern and Central Europe, North Africa, 

 and West Asia, as Persia and xlltai ; and is met with in open places near 

 woods, especially in hilly districts, in May and July. 



It is said to have formerly inhabited England, but is now extinct. 

 ("Kirby's European Butterflies and Moths.") 



Described by Mouffet in 1634. 



In 1710, the " Historia Insectorum/' by John Eay, was published in 

 London by Dr. Derham, and in it he writes of Podalirius, " Prope Liburnum 

 Portum in Etruia invenimus, atque, ni male memini, etiam in Anglia ,; 



In 1795, Dr. Berkenhout writes, " Rare, in woods." 



In 1803, Haworth in his " Lepidoptera Britannica " writes, " My friend, 

 the Rev. Dr. Abbott, of Bedford, has informed me that he took in May last, 

 near Clapham Park Wood, in Bedfordshire, a specimen of Papilio podalirius is 

 the winged state. An ingenious and practical friend/' probably Mr. Bippon 

 of York, " has informed me that he took two sorts of Swallow-tailed Papilios 

 near Beverley, in Yorkshire, five-and-twenty years ago, but no specimens of 

 them are now extant ; a fire which, unhappily, destroyed great part of his 

 property, having consumed them likewise." 



In 1822, the Bev. F. W. Hope captured one in Shropshire. 



In or about the year 1826, one was taken on the wing between Sough 

 and Datchet, Berkshire, by Mr. Budston Bead, when a school-boy at Eton. 



Family PXERIDiE. 



Genus II.— APOBIA. 

 Buhner. 



Aporia, a figure in rhetoric, when the orator doubts w 7 hat to do or say. — 

 Cic. Att. 7, 21. 



The antennas are rather long and thick ; and the wings, especially in the 

 female, are semi-transparent. 



APORIA CRATiEGI. 

 Black-veined White. 

 Crat^gi, Linn. Oratse'gi, from the generic name of one of its food-plants 

 — Cratagus oxyacantha (Hawthorn.) 



