694 
APPENDIX B. 
there is no other encamping ground near this place for a numerous army, we may safely conclude 
this to be the very spot on which Alexander encamped near the town of Nysa, which extended 
all round the mountain. Besides, his camp was near the sepulchres of the inhabitants, which 
were to the west of the mountain ” 1 
2. Asiatick Researches, VIII (1805), pp. 322-324. Art.: An Essay on the Sacred Isles of the 
West. 
[ 322 ]. From Mdna-Sarovara , or, according to the vulgar pronunciation, Man-saraur , the 
lake of Mana or Manasa, issues the Ganges. According to Puran-gir, who accompanied the 
late Lama to China, and had seen that lake in his way from Lassa to Lddac, it is called in Tibet, 
Chu-Mapanh, or the lake of Mdpanh. In the Lama’s map it is called Mapama : but Puran-gir, 
a well-informed man, assured me that its name was Mdpanh. It was probably written at first 
Mapam by Portuguese Jesuits, in whose language the letter M, at the end of a word, has a nasal 
sound, as it had in Latin, and is to be sounded like the letter N at the end of a word in French . . . 
[ 324 ]. The lake of Man-saraur is mentioned in Pliny, as I observed before, and it is pro- 
bably the same that is mentioned by Ctesias, who says that it was eight hundred stadia in 
circumference. M. Polo describes it as to the west of Tibet, but does not mention its name. 
It is noticed by P. Monserrat, who accompanied the Emperor Acbar in his expedition to Cabul 
m the year 1581. He calls it Mdnsaruor, and, from the report of pilgrims, places it in thirty-two 
degrees of latitude north ; and about three hundred and fifty miles to the north-east of Serhind } 
The first European who saw it, wasP. Andrada in the year 1624; 3 and in the years 1715 and 
1716, it was visited by the missionaries P. Desiderius, and Emanuel Freyer [read : Freyre]. 4 
3. Ibid., pp. 327-328. 
The Indus was supposed formerly to have its source not far from Mdn-sarovara , [ 328 ] 
which P. Monserrat places in thirty-two degrees of latitude north; and the source of the Indus 
in latitude 32 0 15', the difference of longitude between the source and the lake i° 45'. 
The difference of longitude between Delhi, and Manasarovara is according to Monserrat 
5 0 12'. This places Mansarovara in 82° 2' of longitude, and both its longitude and latitude are 
remarkably correct: but what is more surprising, the good father was ignorant that the Ganges 
issued from it. 5 Abul Fazil places the source of the Indus nearly in the same latitude with 
Cashmir, but eighteen degrees to the eastward. . 5 
4. Asiatick Researches, IX (1807), p. 52. Art.: An Essay on the Sacred Isles of the West, with 
other Essays. . . . 
In a short dissertation on Alexander’s itinerary Wilford writes: 
1 Compare with Mong. Legal. Comm,., fol. 
2 Cf Mong. Legat. Comm., foil. 4 b.; 116 b. 
This is not at all proved. Rather the contrary. Cf. on the lake seen by Pr. Antonio de Andrade, S.J., 
C WESSEr.S, S. J., Antonio de Andrade, reprinted from De Studien, Nijmwegen, L C G. Malmberg, Jaargang XX [1912], 
LXXVII, Afl. No. 4, p. 22. 
* It appears from Carlo Puini’s II Tibet ... .secondo la relazione del P. Ippolito Desideri (1715-1721), Roma, 
; 4, that Desideri did not pass near Lake Manasarowar. He does not mention it. 
; Wilford is himself making a mistake here, unless he means the Brahmaputra, the course of which is not yet 
satisfactorily known. 
2 The same calculations can be made from Monserrate’s table of longitudes and latitudes in Mong. Legat. Comm. 
toll. y-M. The longitude of Delhi in Mong. Leg. Comm, is clearly 1 15° 58', not 115 0 48', as Wilford must have read in 
his MS. 
