34i 



Guppy Reprint 



i93 



APPENDIX I 

 {From Article j/ of Synopsis. See page 5 of this Bulletin ). 

 Guppy (p. 146) summarizes his article thus : 



1. The land of which Trinidad formerly formed 

 part, originated from deposits laid down in the 

 sea and derived from pre-existing land. When 

 this operation was going on the whole area oc- 

 cupied by Trinidad was sea. 



2. When the Parian Range rose above the waters 

 it was the southern portion of a large con- 

 tinental mass of land whose extent we have 

 not the means at hand to enable us to deter- 

 mine with any approach to exactitude. At 

 this time the valleys of the Orinoko and Ama- 

 zons were sea. 



3. During the neozoic or cretaceo-tertiary period, 

 the rocks now forming the southern portions 

 of the island of Trinidad were deposited ; and 

 were raised above the level of the sea towards 

 the close of that period. During that time 

 there was no separation of Trinidad from 

 South America, and the land surface was con- 

 tinuous. It is probable that simultaneously 

 with the rise of this land surface, extensive 

 dislocations and depressions took place in the 

 Caribean area resulting finally in the separa- 

 tion of Trinidad from Venezuela, the forma- 

 tion of the Gulf of Paria, and the reduction 

 by denudation of the newly-separated land to 

 near its present level. The contemporaneous 

 phenomena in other parts of the West Indies 

 have been made the subject of discussion by 

 W. J. Spencer, Gregory and others. 



if. jfc ;fc 



In an Appendix (p. 148) to this article Guppy gives a list 

 of works relating to the geology of the Caribbean region from 

 1 8 19 to 1904, as follows : 



