Varley : Natueal History of Bingley. 107 



L. linaria ; mountain linnet, L. montium ; yellow bunting, Emheriza 

 citrinella ; pied wagtail, Motacilla Yarrelli ; tree pipit, Anthus arhoreus ; 

 meadow pipit, A. pratensis ; and wkeatear, Saxicola cenantlie. 



One morning, whilst watching from my bedroom window a sparrow's 

 nest at the top of a drop-spout on the opposite side of the street, there 

 came a jackdaw and tried to dislodge the sparrow, but did not 

 succeed, the sparrow staying in the nest till the jackdaw had gone 

 away, and then came out in evident delight. 



On April 18th I had a walk to Hallas Waterfall, Goitstock — a 

 beaatiful waterfall about two miles from Bingley, and well worth a 

 visit. The day was very coM, and the little willow warblers sheltered 

 themselves behind walls and searched in the crevices for insects. I 

 saw the grey wagtail in spring dress, and a very large flock of star- 

 lings, which rose up like a cloud — a sure indication that cold weather 

 is not over. At the Grange (the seat of Walter Dunlop, Esq,,) is an 

 old ruin, which is covered with ivy, and is the habitation of owls, 

 jackdaws, and rock doves. 



During a walk to Shipley Glen — a fine romantic place — I only saw 

 one more of the spring migrants, the redstart, Phanicura ruticilla, but 

 very plentiful and in full song ; also the magpie, Pica caudafa^ and 

 jay, Garrulus glandarms. On the banks of the river Aire I noticed 

 the water vole, Arvicola riparia^ and water shrew, Sorex fodiens. The 

 swallow was plentiful, hawking for flies. Eeturning by the Druids" 

 Altar I saw the cuckoo, CmcuIus canorus, but it was too cold for it to 

 sing. On another occasion I saw a bird that I could not make out^ 

 but thought it must be the black redstart j the water-hen, Gallinula 

 chloropus, a pair of the common sandpiper, Totanm hypoleucos, and 

 kingfisher, Alcedo ispida^ were also noted. 



On April 30, a bright sunny morning, I again saw the bird that I 

 could not previously make out, and found it to be the black redstart, 

 PJioenicura tithys, also the Eay's wagtail, Motacilla Rayii^ and after- 

 wards the whinchat, Saxicola rubetra, and whitethroat, Curruca cinerea. 



On May 6th I started by the first train for Bellbusk, and then 

 walked over to Malham Cove, and thence over the hills to Gordale 

 Scar. This spot is very rich in botany, and whilst sat on the hill I 

 had the pleasure of seeing a pair of buzzards, Buteo vulgaris^ flying in 

 circles over the Scar. Gordale Scar is a wonderful place. We 

 ^descended to the bottom of the cliffs, a difficult passage in many 

 places. In these cliffs are many small ferns and alpine plants. On 

 our way down we found larvae of Ohelonia plantaginiSj and saw a 

 kestrel's nest on the opposite cliffs ; with my field-glass I could see the 



