356 OlSr THE COOTENTS OP A ROCK RETREAT 



^S: * -rr ^ They appear to me to have served for other purposes besides that of 

 dressing skins — one of the uses to which such instruments are applied hy the Esqui- 

 maux of the present da}'." p. 455. 



Fig. 8, reddish-brown, jasper flake ; flat surface (upon which it probably reposed) 

 retaining some of the natural polish of the fresh fracture, which is scarcely present on 

 the upper side. Probably from the yellow cla}^ 



Fig. 9, 3'ellow jasper retaining polish; chipped on both sides : apex adapted for 

 boring : lateral notch seemingly for scraping sinews, intestines, and arrow-shafts. 

 (See my " Gleanings,'" in Peet's Am. Antiquarian, Jul}', 1878, p. 81, and Reliq. 

 Aquitanica?, A. PI. 35, Fig. 4.) Found June 1, 1876. 



Figs. 11-15, all show marks of chipping; 14 probably required a handle, it re- 

 sembles an arrow, blunt arrows having been in use. {A.m. Antiquarian, 1878, p. 79.) 

 Fig. 11 has one edge beveled by chipping; from the black mold. 



Jasper occurs sparsely among the pebbles of the Susquehanna, and seems to 

 have been selected as much for its beauty as for its utility. 



Figs. 17, 18, chipped from small black flints of which part of the original sur- 

 faces remain. They bear some I'esemblance to gun-flints. 



- Fig. 21, represents one of the best finished objects found. It is of gray chalce- 

 dony, and might be regarded as a gun-flint, such flints being sometimes found at 

 localities occupied by the former natives. The present object is neatly chipped into 

 convexity on both surfaces, but not the short truncate base ; the margins have cut- 

 ting edges, that in fi'ont being concave and adapted for scraping objects like arrow- 

 shafts. 



Fig. 20, a thin piece of gray shale, the edge of the wider portion retaining the 

 general thickness, and polished as if by scraping a concave surfxce — hence judged to 

 be a pot-scrapei". Another example occurred which resembles the wider half of this one. 



Fig. 22, pale chalcedony with a rose tint : well finished, base abruptly chipped ; 

 infei'ior surface flat; scraping edge straight. See Eau, Archfeological Collection of 

 the U. S. JN'ational Museum, 1876, Fig. 38. 



Fig. 23, impure limestone ; probably combining the functions of arrow-scraper, 

 borei", and small fish-s])ear. 



Fig. 24, apparently quartzosc limestone: chipping coarse: thickness nearly one- 

 fifth of the length. 



The Retreat has not aflbrded specimens of scrapers formed of bi'oken arrow- 

 heads by adding a new edge, although they occur in the vicinity.* 



*Mr. Amos TI. Gottscliall Las sent me a Dakota scraper he found in nse (April, 1878) for removing fat and flesh 

 from hides ; it is a semi circular stone flake about 1| inch long and 2j wide, resembling the base of Dr. Abbott's Smith- 

 sonian Figure iSS. but the surface and edge worn smooth. The skin to he cleaned is spread and fastened between two 



