360 



ON THE CONTENTS OE A KOCK EETKEAT 



scratch glass. Rudely made by the removal of flakes, as in the hard shale specimen, 

 Fig-. 29. 



Figs. 11, 12, 13, 25, 26, 32, are of a black cherty material without gloss. 

 "\ Fig. 19, light brown jasper; neatly chipped; nnsymmetric. 



■ Fig. 20, base bifurcate, adapting it to a corresponding part in the terminal notch 

 of the shaft, to prevent lateral motion, as shown in recent stone-tipped arrows from 

 Utah. Form widely spread, but not common. 



-.-■ . Fig. 22, a delica,te thin specimen of yellow jaspei"; the slight gloss upon one 

 surface is due to brushing. Found March 6, 1876. I have the foi'ni from K^ew 

 Jersey, East Tennessee and Texas, from the size of a small arrow-head (about 1^ inch 

 long, f wide, sides sub- parallel), to that of a spear-head. 



Figs. 24 (blackish), 33 (black), 31 (yellowish), apparently of indurite, have the 

 appearance of great age ; surface of 21, 31, much corroded. 



Figs. 25, 26, 27, 32, cherty, without lustre : 26 is obtuse-angled, the sides being- 

 unequal — a form of which white quartz examples occur in the next County, Chester. 



Fig. 28, a broken specimen, pale bluish, resembling cherty limestone ; shape of 

 the base unusual. ■ ■ : ■ ■ - - 



Fig. 30, of black gritty stone : old and irregular. 

 ■ Fig. 31, quartzite of the locality, of two colors, pale gray and pale ferruginous : 

 presumed to be old. ,. -'^^ .o > - .v .^^ 



Fig. 35, represents a thin regular metallic arrow-head of a coppery appearance, 

 but yellow on a new surface, and pi'esumed to be European brass, therefore within 

 the historic period, with bi'ass dishes occurring in graves. It was found outside of 

 the reti-eat. 



r.:- : .^• :\. • L;^;". . c ii A P T e li vi. 



SPEAR-HEADS. PL. 7. 



Except in size, there is little difference between spear-heads and arrow-heads ; 

 and there is probably no difference between the heads of spears, whether used for 

 thrusting or for throwing.* Certain broad, triangular forms (as Figs. 11, 12), seem 

 intended for fish-s^Dears, the barbs being sufficiently broad to hold in the soft muscle 

 of fishes. ' 



Of the specimens illustrated. Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 11, show marks of age and decay. 



*Dr. Abliott distinguishes between a lance and a spear, assigning to tlie spear-head "a notched or stemmed base, 

 or both, -which featuies singularly or together cluiracterize the spear-head proper, which, also, are smaller as a class 

 than lance-heads, but too laige to be of use if placed at the end of an arrow." — Stone Age of New Jersey, Smithsonian 

 Report for 1875, p. 269. 



