362 . ON THE CONTENTS Ol' A KOCK EETEEAT 



, -ilXj:-^ . 'i ..^ ... CHAPTERVII. " 



Oc.-i 'y' ^■■ V- ;:v -S';^ HOES AN D DI G G ERS. PL. 8, 9. 



As tlie aiTow-head passes into that of the spear, so when the forin classed with 

 speai'-heads is regarded as too large for this weapon, its function is, with probable 

 reason, considered to be that of a hoe. But the Retreat has not yielded an example 

 of the lance-head form (such as Abbott's Fig. 37), large enough to be classed as a 

 hoe, although the form occurs in the vicinity, and on the Forge islands seven miles 

 above. A specimen was found about 170 yards north of the Retreat. 



Fig. 1 (PL 8) is adapted for digging, and may be termed a hoe : it is formed of 

 a gritty flat river stone ; upper and lower surfaces nearly pai-allel ; left margin flat 

 and vertical ; right margin coarsely chipped to a medial edge ; point similarly chipped: 

 part of the base wanting ; present length about Of, thickness 1 j inch. 



Fig. 2 (PI. 8), a flat oval sandstone pebble; one edge broken as if for a handle ; 

 one end apparently broken by use ; greatest thickness about Ig inch. 



Fig. 8, described at the close of the chapter on hammers. 



PI. 9, Fig. 1, represents the only distinctly grooved implement found, a river 

 pebble with an original thickness of about two inches: groove pecked in the upper 

 surface, not reaching the margins: edge narrow and flat, formed by removing a few 

 large chips from both surfaces : a very large spall has been split from the basal por- 

 tion of the lower surface, leaving a plane about 4: inches long and 3 wide. The spall 

 may have been split ofl" intentionally for the purpose of adapting a handle at right 

 angles to the cutting edge. :j ^as v ..^riKjv .-.ic^ 



PI. 9, Fig. 2, dolerite, rough and gritty from decay, exterior particles so slightly 

 attached as to be removable in handling, showiug the absence of abrasion during the 

 period of decay in the soil of the Retreat. There is some appearance of a notch and 

 groove, which point to a war club. Base If, narrowing to f inch thick at the 

 opposite extremity ; no edge remaining. 



PI. 9, Fig. 3, a quartzite digger, the handle trimmed and well adapted for hold- 

 ing : greatest thickness 1^ inch. Probably intended for taking up I'oots. 



• ./^U ;■ vM.;- ■ CHAPTER VIII. 



... ., '.V SINKERS. PL. 10. 



It has been customary to regard certain notched stones as net-sinkers, and at the 

 Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia in 1876, there was a wide-meshed seine (I believe 

 from l^orthern America) made of nari'ow thongs, the lower edge of Avhich was 



