IlSr SOUTH-EASTERlSr PEInNSTLVANIA. 



363 



weighted with such stones. Some of the larger examples of these stones may 

 have heen used as weights to the vines with which streams were swept to drive the 

 tish into weirs, or as anchors to long lines (out-lines) set during the night, with at- 

 tached shorter lines or links bearing the hooks. 



Figures 1, 3, 5, represent rough specimens made of the quartzite of the locality. 



Fig. 1, is distinctly notched upon one margin, the other being nearly in its 

 natural condition : margins with a sharpness seemingly due to natural fracture, 

 except that which forms the top of the figure, which has the appearance of being 

 artificially rounded and provided with the cutting edge of an axe, of which it may 

 be a rude specimen. Thickness Ig inch. 



Fig. 2, a river pebble with a rough notch on each lateral margin : thickness If 

 inch : might pass for a hammer : found January 17, 1876. 



Fig. 3, a single notch broken from the thin edge of a natural fragment. 



Fig. 4, flat, gritty slate ; the commoner form in jSTew Jersey and Pennsylvania, 

 — rare in the vicinity. The specimen occurred in digging outside of the Retreat, 

 May 26, 1876. Compare Abbott, Fig. 201 ; C. C. Jones, PI. 19, Fig. 11 ; Rau, Arch. 

 Coll. Fig. 112. 



Figs. 5-9, probably fishing-line sinkers, of which 6, 7, 9, are made of river 

 pebbles. 



CHAPTER IX. 



HAMMER-STONES. PL. 11. 



The Retreat furnished about fifty stones, mostly river pebbles, varying in form 

 and size, some marked, others unmarked, the latter of which, if found with river 

 gravel, would not be entitled to mention here, but being placed by human hands in a 

 human habitation, they are to be classified as implements. All of the specimens 

 figured except Fig. 2, are of sandstone, and all have marks of adaptation or use. 



Fig. 1, was probably at first intended for something like the chungkee stone of 

 the Cherokees and other tribes, and afterwards broken in being used as a hammer : 

 both faces have the central depression for the thumb and middle finger : the edges of 

 the cavities left by the removal of several marginal chips above, have lost their sharp- 

 ness and the depressions have the dullness of the general surface, but a later chip 

 from the lower surface exposes a fresher fracture with a well-defined margin. Brown 

 sandstone : greatest thickness If inch. 



Fig. 2, resembling a fine-grained graywack; much decayed: apparently from 

 the yellow clay. 



