PROF. MARTINS : VEGETATION OF SPITZBERGEN. 



173 



Campanulace^. Campanula linifolia, Lam. ; C. pusilla, Hsencke, ; 

 Phyteuma hemispliericum, L. 



Primulace^. Primula farinosa, * L. ; Androsace helvetica, Gaud. ; A, 

 alpina, Gaud. ; A. pennina, Gaud. ; A. obtusifolia, All. ; A. cliamsegasme, 

 Willd. j Soldanella alpina, L. 



Gentianace^, Gentiana acaulis^ L. ; G. bavarica, L. ; G. verna, L. ; G. 

 campestris, L. ; G. nivalis, * L. ; G. glacialis, A. Thorn. 



BoRAGiNACE^. MyosoUs sylvatica, var. alpestris, Kocli. 



ScROPHULARiACE^. LinaHa alpina, D. C. ; Veronica aphylla, L. ; V. 

 saxatilis, * Jacq. ; V. bellidioides, L. ; V. alpina, * L. ; V. serpyllifolia,* 

 L. ; Bartsia alpina * L. ; Euphrasia minima, Jacq. ; Pedicularis versi- 

 color, Wbg. j P. verticillata, L. 



Labiate. Thymus serpyllum, L. 



Plantaginaoe^. Plantago montana, Lam. j P. alpina, L. 



Chenopodiace^. Blitum bonus-henricus, C.A.M. 



PoLTGONAOE^. Polygonum viviparum, * L. ; Oxyria digyna, * Cambd. 



Salicac^. Salix herbacea, L. ; S. retusa, L, 



LiLiACE^. Lloydia serotina, Salisb. (Phalangium serotinum. Lam.) 



JuNCACEiE. Juncus Jacquini, L. ; Luzula spadicea, D.C. j L. spicata * 



D.C. ; Elyna subspicata, Schr. 

 CypERACEiE. Carex foetida. All. ; C. curvula, All. ; C. nigra, All. ; C. sem- 



pervirens, Yill. 



GRAMiNACEiE. Phleum alpinum,* L. ; Sesleria cserulea, L. ; Agrostis ru- 

 pestris * All. ; A. alp)ina, Willd. j Avena versicolor, Yill. ; Trisetum 

 suhspicatum, * Palis. ; Poa annua, L. ; P. alpina, var. vivipara, * P. 

 alpina, ii. brevifolia. Gaud, ; Poa laxa, Hsencke, ; Festuca violacea, Gaud, j 

 F. pumila, YiU. ; F. Halleri, Yill. 



Amongst these plants I find eight which occur in the flora of Spitzber- 

 bergen, viz : — Ranunculus glacialis, Cardamine hellidifolia, Silene acaulis, 

 Arenaria hijiora, Dry as octopetala, Erigeron uniflorus, Saxifraga oppositi- 

 folia, and Polygonum viviparum, and forty marked with * are found also in 

 Lapland. None of them belong to the Arctic flora, properly so-called, but all 

 are of the Scandinavian flora. The small number of Spitzbergen plants on 

 the Faulhorn is explained by two circumstances. Although the mean annual 

 temperature is — 2.3° (28" Fahr.) the summer is relatively warm to that 

 of Spitzbergen ; we may estimate the mean in summer at 3.3° (38° Fahr.) 

 and towards the middle of the day the thermometer oscillates around 1 0° 

 (50° Fahr.) The soil besides, is considerably heated, as on all high moun- 



