Prince Maximiliaris 



in motion, by means of a long pole, by oxen, mules, ca: horses. 

 When the sugar is properly refined, it is poured into pointed pots, 

 ■with an opening below, to give vent to all superfluous moisture ; 

 the surface of the sugar in the pots is then covered with a greyish 

 clay (barro) which is to tinge it with a certain degree of whiteness. 

 The proprietor told us, that with twenty slaves, he could raise 

 about six hundred arrobas, (at thirty two pounds each), or nine- 

 teen thousand two hundred pounds, but with more labourers, from 

 ninety to one hundred thousand pounds. The cayenne cane formerly 

 was cultivated here. This, however, has now been almost entirely 

 supplanted by the more productive cane of Otaheite. Our kina 

 host conducted us with our people and luggage, into a large hall, 

 where we lighted several fires, to prepare our food. Here we 

 were frequently visited by all the other people of the estate, who 

 testified uncommon surprise at the object of our investigations in 

 natural history. A long rain detained us here for some time, and 

 when it ceased, we found a plenty of game in the forest-mountains, 

 which surrounded this plantation. Here we engaged a young 

 Portuguese of the name of Francesco into our service, who became 

 very useful to us as a hunter, being perfectly well acquainted with 

 the country and its productions. Among other valuable articles, 

 he procured us the marithing, (simia rosalia, Linn.), which we had 

 not had before. The araponga [proenias nudicallis), mentioned 

 before, was here in great abundance. Francesco shot one for us. 

 Good Brasilian hunters are very dexterous in searching the large 

 woods, in which their bodies inured to the seasons, and their prac- 

 tice of walking bare-footed, are of great service to them. They 

 dress commonly in a Hght cotton shirt and trowsers ; a cloth jacket, 

 which mostly hangs over their shoulders, they only put on in the 

 rain, and during the cool of the night. Their head is covered with 

 a felt or straw hat. The powder-horn and shot-bag are fastened to 

 a strap, which hangs over their shoulders, and the lock of their 

 long gun is usually covered with a piece of skin to prevent it from 

 getting wet. 



The temperature' at Gurapina was very changeable ; some days 

 the thermometer fell as low as 13® Reamur ; between this, we had 

 also sometimes tolerably fine and warm weather. I frequently 

 wandered in this sublime wilderness, the solemn silence of which 

 is only occasionally interrupted by the cries of numerous parrots. 

 Provided with fresh provisions in abundance, we lived here very 

 cheerfully. Those which a traveller in this country can carry with 

 him consist in mandiocca flower, ( usually denominated by the sim- 

 ple name of farinha), black beans (fejijao, maize, milho), dried salt 

 meat (carne seca or do sertam), and rice {arroy). Here we found 

 good fresh meat ; and besides this, our kind host supplied us, gra- 

 tuitously, with a great quantity of excellent oranges, brandy, dis- 

 tilled from the juice of the cane (agoa ardenti de canna), rice^ 



