140 



The NA.TUEALIST. 



lake. The birds which generally stay on the estate have required more 

 than their usual supply of Indian corn, yet some Brent geese and wigeon 

 perished.— T. Lister. 



Bradford Naturalists' Society. — Meeting Feb. 18th, Mr. lUing- 

 worth in the chair. — Mr. Firth gave the first part of a paper on ^' The 

 Birds of the Bradford district/' enumerating all the birds that have as 

 yet been recorded for the district, 128 in number, with their comparative 

 rarity or otherwise, as well as their geographical distribution. 



Meeting March 4th, the president in the chair. — H. rnpicapraria was 

 shown from Shipley, and Flustra foliacea from Ireland. Mr. Crebbin 

 gave a paper on " Field Geology," in which he described hill-shaded and 

 contour maps, and said that the latter were the best. He also described 

 the other kinds of geological maps. Using a clinometer, he showed how 

 to ascertain the true dip of a bed, and how, after a little experience, an 

 observer can say what such and such surface beds are by the appearance 

 of the escarpments. He then described minutely the local geology of a 

 section of the Aire valley from Idle Hill to Baildon Hill, with its out- 

 lying coal measures, including the sectional appearance of a large esker 

 below Shipley. — Wm. West, Sec. 



Elland-cum-Greetland Naturalists' Society. — Monthly meeting 

 March 3rd, at West Yale, the president in the chair, who exhibited a 

 grey gull, and eggs of the nightingale. Mr. B. Noble read a short sketch 

 of the Life of Robert Dick, the Thurso Baker. — W. H. Stott. 



GooLE Scientific Society. — Meeting Jan. 17th. — The reports of the 

 recorders in conchology, botany, meteorology, and geology were sub- 

 mitted. The Bev. B. D. Maxwell's list of mollusca contained seventy 

 species and seven varieties. The localities were arranged in four columns 

 according to the several vice-counties coming within the Goole district. 

 Mr. Birks, in his report on Botany, enumerated 61 species of flowering 

 plants added to his previous list during the past year, among them being 

 Eanunculus Jiuitans, Arabis perfoliata, Trifolium filiforme, Astragalus 

 glycyphyllos, Peucedanum palustre, Carduns pratensis, Limosella aquatica, 

 and Scutellaria minor. Dr. Parsons submitted a report on the meteor- 

 ology of the past year, illustrated with tables ; and also read a report on 

 geology, in the first part of which he recapitulated the observations which 

 had been made at the several excursions of the society during the past 

 summer, and in the second part gave a summary of the information 

 which he had been able to obtain from well borings and other sources. 

 Recent well borings had shown that the line of junction between the 

 keuper marls and bunter sandstone passed under Goole, beneath the 

 covering of alluvial deposits ; and from comparison with other sections it 

 was shown that the dip of the strata was 92 feet per mile, to the east ; 

 this would give 700 feet as the thickness of the keuper, and 1270 feet 

 that of the bunter. 



