Reports of Societies. 



157 



Httddersfield Scientific Club. — Meeting 16th April, Mr. S.^L. 

 Mosley, president, in the chair. — Mr. Hobkirk placed on the table the 

 following mosses : — Zygodon Nowellii from Dowkgill, and OrtJiothecinm 

 rnfescens, Heseltine Ghyll — both from Mr. W. West ; Myrinia pulvinata 

 fr., Leucobryum glaucum fr., Barhula Brebissoni fr., all from Dorset, 

 gathered by Rev. H. H. Wood ; Hyocomimn flagellare (floating form), 

 Ehahdoweissia denticnlata fr., Tetraplodon mnioides fr., Andrceea alpina 

 fr., all from N. Wales, by Mr, T. W. Naylor Beckett, F.L.S. : also some 

 specimens of a beetle, Bruchiis granarius, which has been found very 

 copiously in seed-beans in the district. Mr. Geo. Brook ter., F.L.S., 

 read a paper on The Marine Zoology of Guernsey," and exhibited, in 

 illustration, the following specimens gathered by him during his recent 

 visit : — (Star- fish, urchins, &c.) Lindia fragillissima, Uraster glacialis, 

 Ophiocom.a granulata, Ophiura albicans, Echinocijamus pusillus, Comatula 

 rosacea ; (Shells) Haliotis tuberculatus, Pecten maxiraus, Mactra stultorum, 

 Ostrcea (pearl oyster), Hermione hystrix, &c. 



Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society. — Monthly 

 meeting April 5th, the president, Mr. S. J. Capper, in the chair. — The 

 president drew the attention of members to the public results of the 

 investigation into the economy and occurrence of insects injurious to 

 crops, set on foot by Miss E. A. Ormerod and others, and in which work 

 several members of the society had taken an active share. Mr. Willoughby 

 Gardner read a paper on " The Rise of the Literature of Entomology," 

 in which he traced the course of that branch of natural science from the 

 time of Aristotle to the publication of the treatises of Dr. Moufitt in 1635. 

 The following specimens were exhibited by the president : — Singular 

 variety of Mania typica, Ypsipetes impluviata, and Lithosia quadra. 



Leeds Geological Association, April 5th. — Mr. Thos. Tate, F.G.S., 

 Bradford, delivered a lecture entitled ' ' Extra-Terrestrial Rocks and their 

 Terrestrial Allies. " Meteorites, from which examples were chiefly drawn, 

 are either native iron associated with nickel and cobalt (Siderites) ; 

 spongy iron, whose cavities are charged with stony matter (Siderolites), 

 or stony with particles of iron difiused through the mass (Aerolites). To 

 the last group belong the singular carbonaceous meteorites consisting of 

 iron and carbon, which are preserved only when they happen to fall upon 

 ice or snow. JSTo meteorite has, as yet, given evidence of its having 

 crystallised from an aqueous solution, but all appear to have passed 

 through a fiery ordeal. Three minerals have been discovered not present 

 in terrestrial rocks, and incapable of forming under terrestrial conditions, 

 in the presence of atmosphere and water — a proto-sulphide of iron 

 (troilite), phosphides of iron and nickel (schreibersite), and a monoclinic 

 silica (asmanite). The familiar volcanic minerals, enstatite, olivine, &c. , 

 chiefly silicates of magnesium or iron, having the base largely in excess of 

 the silica, form the bulk of these extra-terrestrial bodies, and are such as 

 are found only in the ultrabasic series of terrestrial rocks, the heaviest, 



