PREFACE. 



among the mollusca is a novelty for South-East York. In Lepi- 

 doptera the new records are Emstria fuscula, Melanippe imangulata^ 

 Hedya servillana, Eupcpcilia dnbitana\ and Phoxopieryx diiniiiutana^ 

 and in Hymenoptera the county list is strengthened by 31 addidons. 

 In other groups Bdella hexophthalmci and Chernes nodosiis are new 

 for Yorkshire and for Britain. In botany Sagtna ciliata^ Agrimojiia 

 odorata^ Polypodhim cahai'eum, and one or two Charce are new for 

 North-West York, and among the cryptogamia there are several new 

 county records. 



Numerous mosses and hepatics have been recorded, including 

 Hedwigidium imberbe in the Lake district, many of which are 

 probably new county records, but in the absence of a standard of 

 reference it is difficult to say. 



In geology and palaeontology may be cited the papers on drift coal 

 in Durham, and a lacustrine deposit in Yorkshire, and the record of 

 what is incomparably the most perfect specimen of Megalichthys 

 /libber ti known to exist. 



The papers of general interest and wider application which appear ^ 

 in this volume, those dealing with variation in lepidopterous insects, 

 fertilisation in phanerogamic plants, the reproduction of the eel, the 

 natural history of the bull-trout, and the distribution of Achatma 

 aciaila, may be referred to. 



For the convenience of readers, and more especially of working 

 naturalists, the index has been compiled on a somewhat novel principle. 



So much for the volume now concluded. 



For the future, the magazine is to be enlarged to 32 pages 

 monthly, and the leading features of the present volume are to be 

 retained. This enlargement makes it necessary that the list of 

 subscribers should be not only maintained but enlarged, and the 

 Editors, whose wish it is to maintain a high standard of excellence, 

 confidently rely upon the continued co-operation of their present 

 contributors, and upon the support of all who take interest in the 

 detailed and systematic study of the physical features and natural 

 history of the Northern Counties of England. 



Naturalist, 



