CRYPTOGAMIC NOTES. 



line of springs ; as, for instance, at the entrance to Welton Dale, at 

 Brantingham, Drewton, Newbald, Burdale, Wharram, &c. 



The Cave district contains many other places of geological interest. 

 At the head of Drewton Vale is St. Austin's Stone, a great mass of 

 brecciated flint weathered out from the Chalk, like the 'Fairy Stones' 

 of Burdale. At Bielbecks is the lacustrine deposit which many years 

 ago yielded tusks and bones of the Mammoth, Rhinoceros, Hycena^ 

 &c., with many species of modern shells. The drift deposits, too, 

 are worthy of attention, consisting for the most part of sand and 

 gravel of local origin, and probably of Post-glacial age. In some 

 places large masses of drift seem to have been directly derived, almost 

 without disintegration, from the neighbouring strata : such are the 

 patches of re-arranged Lower Lias about Cave, with great profusion 

 of Gryphcea incurva, which shell is sometimes used for road-metal. 

 The pebbles in the gravels are often scratched, as if by friction against 

 one another. 



CRYPTOGAMIC NOTES. 

 Surirella elegans, etc., in West Yorkshire.— Diatomists may be 



interested in hearing of a Yorkshire habitat for Surirella elegans Ehr. I found it 

 in abundance in a gathering made by my friend, Mr. G. Sturt, F.R.M.S., from the 

 surface of stones in the little river Skell, near Fountains Abbey, in September last. 



This fine species is not named by W. Smith in his Synopsis of British Diatomaceae, 

 and has hitherto been rarely found in a living state in Britain, though it occurs in 

 Lough Mourne and other diatomaceous deposits in Ireland and Scotland. Mr. 

 Kitton tells me he has had it from two localities only, in a recent state, and Dr. 

 Stolterfoth has found it also recent in N, Wales. The above is the only place in 

 which I have met with it. 



The same gathering, which comprised about 70 species, included Navicula 

 remhardti Grun., and N. trochus (Ehr. ?) Greg., both new to me as occurring in a 

 living state in England. — E. Grqve, Saltburn, April 1st, 1885. 



Habitats of Freshwater Algae. — We should have been glad if the 

 distribution (as far as it is known in this comparatively neglected group) had been 

 better indicated in Dr. Cooke's 'British Freshwater Algee'; for instance, such 

 species as SphcB7-oplea anmdina and others which some of us did not previously 

 know as ' British,' might have been localised. We should also have liked to have 

 seen some of the habitats well defined, a most useful thing to workers, and which 

 is well appreciated in such works as Schimper's ' Muscoruiii Europceoruui.'' Botry- 

 dina vulgaris we oftenest find on the leaves and stems of alpine and sub-alpine 

 mosses ; in fact, on those species which delight in mists. Sirogoiiiuni sticticum 

 we usually find in those strea?nv pools which are well aerated, and in which several 

 species of Vaucheria also delight. ' Britain ' is often used as a locality ; it seems 

 to us a somewhat vague term, for a species thus indicated might possibly have never 

 been seen below an elevation of 2000 feet or above an elevation of 50 feet. 

 ■'Ditches and ponds' is the habitat to Cylindrosperiiinm viacrospernuun shady 

 places in gardens might be added, as we have generally found it in such places. 

 Rivularia calcarea has its habitat defined as 'on rocks and stones in streams '; we 

 should be glad to learn if it occurs on any other formation than limestone or chalk ; 

 it is abundant in the beds of some of our upland streams which are highly charged 

 with carbonate of lime, as in Gordale, W. Yorkshire, at 1200 feet. Fetalonenia 

 alatum and Scytonevia niyochroiis have always been found by us on dripping 

 perpendicidar limestone rocks. — W. West, Bradford. 



Naturalist, 



