Notes of British Association Papers, 53 



Yorkshire Wolds. Dwelling No. 1 was situated at the eastern end of 

 the barrow, which was one of the long type. Its depth from the base 

 of the mound was 6^ ft., with a surface of 9| ft. by 7-^ ft., and it was 

 entered by two winding passages 24 feet in length, the northern one 

 being cut by the side trench of the barrow, showing in this case 

 that the construction of the dwelling had preceded the excavation of 

 the trench, and was therefore older than the barrow. In the material 

 filling the dwelling and its passages were many streaks of burnt wood, 

 a femur, portions of an urn, and many animal bones, all probably the 

 residue of feasting. A little distance from the dwelling were portions 

 of three more dish-shaped urns, and traces of interments. Dwelling 

 No, 2 contained similar remains, and in Nos. 3 and 4 were found 

 bones of the red deer and the urus. No. 5 consisted of an inner and 

 outer circle of upright posts. In the centre was an oval grave cut 

 4 ft. into the rock, and containing the flexed human remains of a large 

 male. In front of his face lay a crushed food-vase, and close to his 

 left shoulder was a perforated axe hammer. Clayey matter covered 

 the grave and extended to the outer circle of the post holes. This was 

 believed to be the residue of the sides of the dwelling, in the centre of 

 which its owner was interred, and afterwards the walls were pushed 

 down over the grave, and covered with a mound. Mr. Mortimer 

 suggested that the space between the circles of uprights might have 

 been used for storing heads of grain and other provisions for winter 

 use at a time when man's dwelling was the only building he possessed 

 for all purposes. No. 6 resembles No. 3. Small branches of oak, 

 ash, maple, and other trees, thought to be the remains of the wattled 

 sides of the hut, had left their impressions in the circular bed of clayey 

 matter, some of which showed cuts made with the axe and the saw, 

 seemingly of metal. The droppings from the eaves of this hut had 

 stained the ground all roand with colouring from the thatch of the 

 roof, which probably was the straw of wheat, for Mr. Mortimer 

 possessed carbonized grains of this cereal from the primary interment 

 of an undoubted British barrow near. Unlike the previous dwelling, 

 the occupier had not been interred within the walls of this circle, but 

 just a few feet outside, towards the rising sun. It was accompanied 

 by a delicately-formed flint knife, lying close to the right arm, and a 

 finely ornamented food vase near the head. As in the j)revious case, 

 the dwelling had been crushed down at the time of interment, and 

 carefully covered with the barrow, showing but a step between the 

 habitation of the living and the house of the dead. 



(To he continued.) 



