30 



The ISTatuhalist. 



bucalis, from Frizinghall, all of which are new to the district record list. 

 Mr. Roebuck exhibited, on behalf of Mr. West, a number of shells inclu- 

 ding several rare species of Pupa and Vertigo. 



Meeting August 8th. — Mr. Soppitt described the ramble of the York- 

 shire IS'aturalists' Union to Grassington, which took place on Monday, 

 August 7th. He described it as being a most enjoyable and successful 

 ramble, and said that all sections were pleased with the number and 

 rarity of the specimens they took. In entomology the principal capture 

 was made by Mr. Butterfield who took a specimen of M. expolita this 

 being the only specimen known to have been taken in Yorkshire. A 

 great number of Erehia Blandina were taken in Upper Grass Wood, which 

 is the only Yorkshire locality for this species. Mr. Soppitt found a 

 parasitic fungus (Xenodochus carhonarius) which was new to the district. 

 Mr. Carter described a ramble from Ilkley to Grassington, and reported 

 taking the following shells : — Helix riipestris, B. hortensis, and H. 

 la/picida, and a number of beetles, including Cyctorus rostratus and 

 Carahus nemoralis. Mr. Bennett read a paper on Pneumatics," dealing 

 principally with the air-pump. In illustration of the paper he showed a 

 number of interesting and instructive experiments. 



Lancashire _and Cheshire Entomological Society. — Monthly 

 meeting July 31st, Mr. Benjamin Cooke in the chair. Mr. J. R. L, 

 Dixon read a paper entitled A Comparison between the Mechanism of 

 Flight in Insects and Birds," in which he detailed the results of the 

 interesting researches of Drs. Pettigrew and Marey on the subject of 

 flight, and explained by diagrams the mode of action of the wings in 

 insects and birds. During the conversazione a specimen of a hymenop- 

 terous insect (Ehyssa p)ersuasoria ?) recently captured in the insect-room 

 of the Derby museum, was exhibited through the kindness of the curator, 

 Mr. T. J, Moore. Mr. B, Cooke exhibited a specimen of an ant (Myr- 

 mica loEvinodis) which combined male, female, and worker, and which had 

 been caught by Mr. Chappell in Dunoam Park. 



YoRE-SHiKE Naturalists' Union. — Grassington, Aug. 7th, 1882. — 

 The fourth meeting of the season was devoted to the investigation of 

 Upper Wharfedale, more especially that portion of it which lies immedi- 

 ately round Grassington, Grass Wood, with its rich and varied fauna and 

 flora, attracting the greater share of attention. The attendance was 

 large, there being about 80 or 90 persons present from all parts of York- 

 shire. The day was gloriously fine and sunny — true " Y.N.U. weather." 

 Most of the visitors "approached Grassington by way of Skipton, from 

 which they drove the ten miles, while others drove from Ilkley, Cracoe, 

 and other places ; and several members investigated the district for a day 

 or two previously. The district being one of which the fauna is as yet 

 most imperfectly known, the local secretaries had previously prepared (in 

 addition to the usual circular) a full summary of what they actually knew 



