R. STAXDEN : LAND AND FRESHWATER MOLLUSCA. 



i6i 



specimens in both places are very fine and clean. The following 

 is from a scientific correspondent (Mr. J. Walling) residing near 

 the spot described : — " Haweswater, or Hazewater, is a small 

 lake or tarn situate in the township of Silverdale, in the parish 

 of Warton, in the county of Lancaster. Its extent is about 

 twelve acres, and its depth varies from thirty to forty feet. The 

 water is very clear and without any admixture of seawater. 

 The shells thrown up at the north side of the tarn are all dead, 

 \\qthout epidermis, but perfect in form, and purely white ; and 

 there can be little doubt that living specimens exist in vast 

 numbers at the bottom of the water. The tarn is surrounded 

 on all sides, except the north, by peat-bog, which rests upon a 

 layer of shells from two to three feet thick. A vertical ridge of 

 rock forms the northern boundary of the tarn, having a sloping 

 beach formed principally of the shell in question. There is a 

 smaller tarn very near, called Little Hazewater, very deep, but 

 containing very few shells. The people in the neighbourhood 

 use these shells for strewing on flagged floors instead of sand ; 

 and the deeper layers, which are finely pulverised, are used 

 instead of lime for whitewashing, being a ver}' pure white " ' 

 (Dyson's List, 1850). 



var. excavata Jeff. Canal, Molyneux, 1886 (J. Hargreaves). 



monst. decoUatum Jeff. Common at Birch, Prestwich, Redscar, 

 and Tarleton. 



Valvata piscinalis Miill. Abundant in canals at Tarleton, Clifton, 

 Newsham, Carnforth, and Stonyholrae, Burnley (F.C.L.). 

 Common at Crossens in the main drains. Canal at Church, 

 and Rufford (H. Stephenson;. 



Common in the Gorton Canal (T.R.). 



' Canal at Reddish. Ditch at Clayton Vale. Bolton Canal ' 

 (Hardy's List, 1865). 



'Very common in the main drains of the marsh behind 

 Southport : in the ponds at Freckleton, at the entrance of 

 the marsh ; in the neighbourhood of Burnley, particularly in 

 the lodge at ^Nlargerison's Printworks, upon the leaves of the 

 Stratiotes' (Dyson's List, 1850). 



Very fine at Blackpool, in main drains (R.D.D.;. 

 var. subcylindrica Jeff. Not uncommon at Tarleton. 

 Valvata cristata Mull. 



Common in drains at Ainsdale, near Southport (T.R.). 

 Planorbis lineatus Walker. Common in Drinkwater Park, Prest- 

 wich. Rather rare in ponds at Goosnargh, Whittingham, 

 Farrington, and Birch. Plentiful in canal at Clifton. 



June 1887. M 



