160 Mycologia 



in water, which should be applied to all tools used and all wounds 

 made in connection with blight work in pear orchards. 



Silver leaf of fruit trees, especially injurious to choice varieties 

 of the plum, has become a serious scourge in some parts of Eng- 

 land. The only remedy seems to be the speedy and thorough 

 removal of all affected trees or parts of trees, as is done in the 

 case of pear blight. 



Fomes lucidus is parasitic on a number of trees in Barbados, 

 according to Nowell, including lime trees, Pithecolobium saman, 

 P. unguis-cati, Caesalpinia coriaria, and species of Acacia, the 

 trunks of which are usually attacked at the center. 



Whitten has found that winter injury to the buds of fruit 

 trees in Missouri, where they are liable to develop too early and 

 be killed by the frost, may frequently be prevented by spraying 

 with whitewash, which reflects the heat of the sun and thus re- 

 tards development. Anything that will maintain late growth in 

 the fall will also tend to delay the flowering period the following 

 spring. 



Snapdragon rust, according to Peltier, has been in California 

 since 1879 an d in Illinois since 191 3. It can not be controlled by 

 Bordeaux or similar fungicides, but the conditions under which 

 snapdragon plants are grown must be carefully watched. Wa- 

 tering the plants from below checks the ready dissemination and 

 germination of the spores, while propagation from seed would 

 probably prevent the disease entirely, since the rust spores are 

 not carried on the seed of the snapdragon. 



Patouillard, the famous French mycologist, has observed Ustu- 

 lina vulgaris to be the cause of a fatal disease of the linden. The 

 fungus attacks the trunk at the surface of the ground, spreads 

 over it for a foot Or more, penetrates the sapwood and heartwood, 

 and kills the tree apparently by parasitic action. 



