226 



Mycologia 



(Figures 33, 34, 48) 

 Mycelium parasitic 6 in the trunk and branches of pine, causing 

 the formation of sharply delimited, depressed areas (cankers) 

 in the cortical tissue; these cankers frequently several inches in 

 diameter and characterized by a smoother surface and more 

 reddish color than the surrounding bark ; stromata numerous, 

 more or less definitely circular, scattered over the canker, several 

 occasionally confluent, minute, scarcely visible, each entirely 

 covered with a cespitose cluster of pycnidia and perithecia, 0.5- 

 1.0 mm. in diameter, occasionally smaller bearing only one or two 

 fruit-bodies ; pycnidia usually preceding the perithecia, but both 

 often found on the same stroma ; perithecia appearing to the 

 naked eye as fascicles of black spines arising from the surface 

 of the bark ; perithecium glabrous, dull to shiny, reaching 2 mm. 

 in height, when young white within and coriaceous, in age or in 

 dried specimens becoming brittle and easily broken off, long- 

 stipitate, the ascigerous cavity developed within a terminal urce- 

 olate swelling which at maturity is frequently laterally collapsed, 

 and curved or inclined to one side, resembling strikingly the 

 capsule in certain mosses (genus Hypniim) ; occasionally the 

 apex of the stalk forked and bearing two or even three terminal 

 ascigerous swellings; the stalk long, reaching j6oo/x, ■ slender, 

 100-140 /x in diam., cylindrical, either straight or definitely 

 curved to one side, not flexuous, swollen at the base ; the peri- 

 thecium reaching almost its full length before the terminal ascig- 

 erous swelling is formed, and in immature stages appearing as a 

 sharp-pointed spine of uniform diameter; the terminal enlarge- 

 ment at first clavate, 400 jx long X 175-275 /x wide, closed ; at 

 maturity the apex of the swelling becoming fimibriate-lacerate 

 and assuming the reddish-brown, fuzzy appearance seen in sev- 

 eral other members of the family, finally dehiscent, the terminal 

 tuft of hairs spreading apart and forming a fringe around a 

 definite opening ; asci ovate, 12-17 X5-8/X (p. sp.), spores ellip- 

 soidal to ovoidal or globose, 3.5-6 X 2-4 /x; pycnidia 100-150^ ; 

 pycnospores 2.5-3.5 P long- 

 Parasitic 6 on Finns str obits in eastern North America. Found 

 on P. rigida in New Jersey by Ellis, and reported from Ger- 

 many by Rehm (41) on Pinus pumilo and on fir. The material 

 on Pinus pumilo distributed by Arnold 7 under the name 

 Cyphelinm stenocyboides has been examined by the writer and is 



6 The statement that the species is parasitic is based wholly on field obser- 

 vations on Pinus strobus, and is not yet supported by artificial infection ex- 

 periments. 



t No. 417 Lichenes Monacensis exsiccati. 



