Shear and Dodge : Patellina, Leptothyrium, Peziza 141 



So far as observed none of the cultures carried through under 

 sterile conditions in petri dishes or tes't tubes has produced the 

 perfect (Pczizella) stage. However, inoculation of wild black- 

 berry leaves and stems under natural conditions in the woods pro- 

 duced all three forms. On May 20, 1920, living leaves and stems 

 were punctured, then sprayed with a spore suspension of a strain 

 of Hainesia originally obtained from dewberry. The tissue soon 

 began to die about the points of inoculation and by the middle of 

 June sporodochia were very plentiful on the spots-. As the leaves 

 died during July and August typical pycnidia and discocarps of 

 Pczizella oenothcrae began to appear in abundance on the dead 

 leaves, petioles, fruit stalks and small branches. The perfect 

 and pyenidial stage continued to develop slowly down to the 

 larger branches and stems during September. While it is not 

 claimed that the perfect stage might not have arisen from natural 

 infections in this case, the experiment shows that it develops on 

 leaves and branches of the season's growth and that it is unnec- 

 essary for the vines to lie over winter in order that, as is supposed 

 with many ascomycetes, the ascocarps may mature in the spring 

 and spread new infection. The ascospores of this Pczizella are 

 set free or dispersed as soon as mature and germinate readily. 

 The problem of over-wintering seems to have been provided for 

 to a large extent by the thick-walled closed pyenidium. It is cer- 

 tain that many of these pycnidia pass through the winter un- 

 opened although filled with spores which will readily germinate 

 in April. 



Leaves petioles and runners of cultivated strawberry in a gar- 

 den were inoculated in the manner described above with similar 

 strains of Hainesia, May 20. Brown spots formed about the in- 

 jured places and sporodochia began to appear within three weeks. 

 By July 25 both sporodochia and pycnidia were abundant on the 

 dead leaves of these and other plants in the same plot. No- asco- 

 carps of Pezizella were found. 



Several leaflets of Rhus glabra were treated in the same man- 

 ner August 5. On August 20 it was noted that many inoculated 

 leaflets on this plant showed dead areas with typical amber- 

 colored sporodochia. Leaf hoppers had by this time injured 



