Graves: Diseases of Trees in New York 117 



pean mycologists have recently stated that the fungus causing 

 the apple canker in Europe has been incorrectly identified and is 

 not Nectria ditissima Tul. but Nectria galligena Bres., a fungus 

 which has not been reported from this country. It seems prob- 

 able, therefore, that the true European Nectria canker does not 

 occur here." No exsiccati of A^. galligena Bres. have been avail- 

 able for examination, but the description by Wollenweber^^ agrees 

 with our form in all points, especially as regards ascospores and 

 macroconidia. . 



Without entering into further discussion, it would seem to the 

 writer very desirable that a comparative study involving both 

 cultural and infection methods be carried on for Creonectria 

 coccinea and Nectria galligena to determine whether they are 

 really distinct. 



III. Winter Injury or Leaf Scorch of the Beech 

 (Fagus atropitnicea (Marsh.) Sudw.) 



Diseased or dying beeches were observed all over the region 

 explored, particularly in Van Cortlandt Park, the Palisades of 

 the Hudson and Staten Island. The most striking symptom was 

 a reddish-brown coloration of the tips and margins of the leaves, 

 and this often extended in irregular patches between the parallel 

 veinlets characteristic of this leaf down to the midrib. In many 

 cases the bark of the trunk and branches was quite sound ; in 

 others, whole branches were entirely dead, especially toward the 

 top of the tree. No fungus was apparent on the leaves, nor was 

 any pathogenic form discovered on the dead bark. All the 

 evidence, therefore, pointed to a root trouble. If we take into 

 consideration the very severe winter of 1917-18, there is no doubt 

 that the extreme conditions occurring then killed out a portion, 

 at least, of the roots. Whether these trees will recover or not 

 depends on the relative amount of damage to the root system. 

 All the dead branches should be pruned off and the living ones 

 also cut back heavily in order that the tree may regain the balance 



13 Wollenweber, H. W. Ramularia, Mycosphaerella, Nectria, Calonectria. 

 Eine morphologisch pathologische Studie zur Abgrenzung von Pilzgruppen mit 

 cylindrischen und sichelformigen konidienformen. Phytopath. 3: 197-242, 

 pi. 1-3. 19 1 3. See also another paper by the same author: Studies on the 

 Fusarium problem. Phytopath. 3: 24-51. ' 1913. 



