128 



Mycologia 



In the coniferous woods, which have succeeded beech woods, 

 the boleti predominate, especially Boletus flavus and Boletus 

 luteus, which require resinous substances in the soil, and Lactarius 

 deliciosus is also common. The beech forests furnish a large 

 number of fungi. Among the larger forms, species of Amanita, 

 Russula and Clavaria are conspicuous. Amanita muscaria, Bo- 

 letus edulis, Cantharellus cibarius and Hydnum repandum are 

 common. In wet ravines, certain species of discomycetes are 

 found; also Boletus scaber and a few other moisture-loving 

 species. In pastures, Lepiota pro c era, Agaricus campestris, 

 species of Lycoperdon, and Marasmius oreades are the most 

 important. 



This is a very inviting field for the student of plant relations 

 and one of great importance in connection with the study of 

 associated higher plants. It requires, however, special training 

 in mycology. 



Mr. A. O. Garrett, of Salt Lake, Utah, has for several years 

 been collecting and distributing the parasitic fungi of Utah. The 

 following notes on the methods he has found most satisfactory 

 in collecting rusts will doubtless be of assistance to others : 



" In collecting the rusts, manila envelopes in which pamphlets, 

 etc., have been received, are found to be very serviceable. When 

 collecting, the affected leaves are piled up between the thumb and 

 forefinger of the left hand; and when the pile becomes suffi- 

 ciently large, it is transferred to the manila envelope. This is 

 repeated until a sufficient quantity is gathered. The envelope 

 not only prevents the spores of one species from becoming 

 mixed with those of some other, but the leaves are kept in better 

 shape for transferring to the press later. Of course, the envelope 

 will not be used a second time ; nor, for that matter, will the 

 paper in which the specimens have been pressed. In these days 

 of such diverse ideas in botanical naming, it becomes imperative 

 that portions of the host-plant should be collected with the fun- 

 gus, so that its identity may be preserved throughout the series 

 of revisions that take place. 



" In preparing the fungi for distribution, ' home-made ' enve- 



