126 MEMORIALS OF RAY : 



Roman medals. Hence I went the same day to Castle- 

 ton, when I entered that great and famous specus or cave 



called the Devil's A , which is of a marvelous breadth 



at the mouth, and wider, they say, than any artificial 

 arch now to be seen; within the entrance are two or 

 three cottages where poor people live. I went in as far 

 as the first water, which is not far, which, if you pass, 

 they say you meet with a second, which likewise may be 

 passed, and then you come to a third, where the water 

 and the top meet. Upon the mountain, just above this 

 hole, stands an old castle, from whence the adjoining 

 town took its name. Hereabout grows plenty of CocJi- 

 learia rotundi folia \Coclilearia officinalis and C. grcBnlan- 

 dica, Sm., C. officinalis j3 alpina, Bab.,]* as I was informed 

 by several people living here, of which I doubt not, 

 because I have found it in the little rills descending 

 from many high hills, as Penigent and Ingleborough.f 



* Ray confounds this plant (Syn.) with the CocMearia (J. B.,) the true 

 C. officinalis of modem botanists; but Dillenius, in his edition of the 

 ' Synopsis/ separates it from that species by the name of C. rotundifolia, 

 Merret. There seems no reason to doubt its being the plant usually 

 intended by G. groenlandica, although the Linneean species of that name has 

 been shown by Nolte (Nov. M. Holsat. 57-62) to be formed out of small 

 forms of C. officinalis and C. danica. — C. C. B. 



f On this lull, says Mr. Ray, grows the following plants; to wit, 

 Folygo7iatmi latifolimn \Convallaria Folygonatum^ Linn.] ; Sedum 3rica 

 foliis, [This is probably the *S'. alpinum ericoides cceruleum, Ray ; Saxifraga 

 oppositifolia, Linn., which is found near to the summit of Ingleborough], 

 (about the Beacon plentifully) ; Thalictrum minus , [T. mimes, Linn.] ; Lilium 

 convallium, {Co7wallaria majalis, Lum. This station seems to have escaped 

 the notice of modern botanists.] Allium ursinum, \A. ursinum, Linn.] ; also 

 a small yellow mountain Sedum. [The only plant in Ray's ' Synopsis' to 

 which this can refer is the S. minus Alpimm luteum nostras, which is the 

 Saxifraga aizoides. Linn.], and a sort of Myagrum [?], Bhodia radix, 

 [Rhodiola rosea. Linn. ; Sedum Rhodiola, De Cand.] ; Sedum ericoides; [This 

 appears to be the same as the S. Erica foliis already noticed. The repetition 

 of this and the following is probably due to Dr. Derham] ; and Sedum 

 Alpinum luteum minus, \S. aizoides. Linn.] ; all three abundantly ; also Salix 

 pumila folio rotundo Alpina, but in no great plenty. [The last name is 

 usually considered as synonymous with S. reticulata, Liim. ; but as no 

 botanist since the time of Ray is known to have found that plant in England 

 or Wales, and as S. lierhacea. Linn., the S. alpina Alni rotundo folio repens 

 of Dillenius, in the 3d edition of Ray's ' Synopsis,' is found plentifully in 

 the stations given by Ray for his S. pumila, &c. VTe are led to suppose 

 that he may have raisEipplied to S. herbacea the name intended by its author 



