188 



MEMORIALS OF RAY : 



hake (sed rarius,) bream and whiting, plaise, soles, turbot 

 in plenty, as also gurnards, red and grey, mackrell, but 

 not many, herrings, pilchards, and for this fish it is the 

 best place in Cornwall ; of these have been taken 1500 

 barrels in a day, some say 1800. Here are also taken 

 lobsters, crabs, which they call pollacks [Merlucius jjol- 

 lacJiius^ dogfish dranicks (as they call them), tomlins 

 [young codfish,] which are nothing but a young codfish, 

 shads or schads [young sea bream,] dories [Zeus 

 faber,'] sand eels launces \Ammodytes tobianus, A. 

 lancea^ &c. We passed over to Godreve Island, 

 which is nothing but a rock, about one league distant 

 from St. Ives, to the north-east near the land, upon 

 which, in time of year, build great store of birds, viz., 

 gulls, cormorants, razor-bills, guillems, [Guillemots, 

 kiddaws,] and pufiins. The razor -biUs are not so nu- 

 merous on this island as the guillems, or kiddaws, of 

 which many scores of young ones lie dead here. Here 

 they call the pufiins, popes ; and the guillems, kid- 

 daws. We saw many of those birds which they call 

 gannets, flying about on the water. This bird hath long 

 wings, and a long neck, and flieth strongly. Possibly it 

 may be the Catarrades. He preys upon pilchards [Clupea 

 pilchardus^ the shoals whereof, great multitudes of these 

 fowls constantly pursue. Another bird they told us of 

 here, called wageU, [a name for the young of the great 

 black-backed gull, but the habits here recorded are those 

 of a Lestris^ which pursues and strikes at the small gull 

 so long, till out of fear it mutes, and what it voids, the 

 wagell follows, and greedily devours, catching it some- 

 times before it is fallen down to the water. This, several 

 seamen affirmed themselves to have oftentimes seen. 



Tuesday, July the 1st, we rode to the Land's End. 

 Near St. Ives, in the way to Pensance, we found a kind 

 of plant [Sibthorpia europcea, Linn.,] on a moist bank, 

 whose leaf is somewhat like to Saxifraga aurea ; it runs 

 out in long wires like to Campanula cymbalarice foL; at 

 each leaf it bears one small purplish- coloured flower. We 



